Role IL-17A and IL-10 in the antigen induced inflammation model by Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Abstract

BackgroundMycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the causative organisms of community-acquired pneumonia which is found commonly in younger patients. Extrapulmonary complications similar to autoimmune disease are caused by M. pneumoniae following the initial infection. The mechanism and pathology of onset is not clear, but it is considered that excessive host immunoreactions play a part in the onset of mycoplasmal pneumonia and its extrapulmonary complications. In this study, we investigated the participation of the immune response, excluding the participation of Th1 and Th2 which has previously been investigated.ResultsIn this study, the host immune response of an antigen induced inflammation model using SPF mice repeatedly sensitized with M. pneumoniae antigens was analyzed. The specificity of M. pneumoniae antigens in the Th17 response of murine lymphocytes in vitro was also examined. Frequent and concentrated sensitization induced exacerbation of lung inflammation immunologically and pathologically, and evoked intrapulmonary IL-17A and IL-10 production. M. pneumoniae antigen stimulation induced proliferation of mouse lymphocytes and caused production of IL-17A and IL-10. In addition, it was shown that IL-17A and IL-10 production was increased in the presence of IL-6 and TGF-β1.ConclusionsIt was shown that M. pneumoniae antigens induced potent immunoreaction and enhanced the Th17 cell response both in vivo and in vitro, and that both Treg and IL-10 are involved in the suppression of IL-17A production. This raises the possibility that breakdown of the immune balance may be part of the process leading to subsequent development of extrapulmonary mycoplasmal pneumonia.

Insights into the pathogenesis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae

“…In children with M. pneumoniae infection, the level of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 is also markedly increased, which induces the increased bronchial reaction (61). M. pneumoniae antigens induce a potent immune reaction and enhance the Th17 cell response in vivo and in-vitro , with Treg and IL-10 being associated with the suppression of the production of IL-17A (62). The cytadherence of M. pneumoniae induces inflammatory responses through TLR4 and autophagy (6).…”

Impact of atopy on the severity and extrapulmonary manifestations of childhood Mycoplasmapneumoniae pneumonia

“…In addition, IL‐17 also plays a key role in autoimmune diseases . Recently, it has been reported that the breakdown of the immune balance between T helper type 17 (Th17) cells and Tregs may be part of the process leading to the subsequent development of extrapulmonary manifestations . These findings indicate that IL‐17 may be involved in disease severity and extrapulmonary manifestations.…”

Preclinical safety and efficacy models for pulmonary drug delivery of antimicrobials with focus on in vitro models

“…P. aeruginosa [114] or understand the underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis, for example in case of M. pneumonia [115]. New vaccines against several pathogens including A. baumanii [107] or S. aureus [116] were studied in vivo. Reconstructed tissue models have shown many advantages compared to in vivo models.…”