Role of Biofertilization and Different Rates of Nitrogen With Foliar Spraying of Nitrogen and Yeast in Rice Productivity and Nutrient Uptakes.

Abstract

Field experiments, on rice crop (Oryza Sativa L. c.v. Giza 178) grown in Meet Louza Village, Mansoura Province, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt were conducted in 2008 and 2009 seasons on a silty clay soil. Biofertilization 8 treatments involving inoculums of Azolla (Azl), Azospirillum (Azs), Azotobacter (Azt), and Cynobacreria (Cyn) as well as mixtures (Azl + Azs), (Azl + Azt) (Azs + Azt) and (Cyn + Azt), soil Nfertilization (4 treatments of no-N, portions of 50 %, 75 % and 100 % of Nrecommended level of 60 kg N fed-1 as urea), and foliar spray of (2 treatments of yeast extract only, and yeast extract + 2 % N) were tasted in a randomized complete block design (factorial) involving the 3 above mentioned factors. Execution of experiment was a split-split plot with three replicates. The highest grain yields of (3.99 and 4.07 metric t fed-1) in 1 st and 2 nd seasons occurred with the treatment of (Cyn + Azt) + 50 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast). The highest straw yields were given by (Cyn + Azt) + 100 % N-level+ yeast which gave 3.94 metric t fed-1 in 1 st season, or by (Cyn + Azt) + 100 % N-level+ (2 % N + yeast) which gave 4.10 metric t fed-1. The highest weight per plant (at booting stage) was due to (Azs + Azt) + 50 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast) which were125.14 and 137.65 g dry matter plant-1 in 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively. The highest N-uptake by grains of 59.84 and 66.62 kg fed-1 for 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively occurred with (Azl) + 100 % N-level +(2 % N + yeast). The highest P-uptake by grains occurred with (Azl + Azt) + 50 % N-level (2 % N + yeast) which gave (7.51 and 9.46 kg fed-1) in 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively. The highest K-uptake occurred with (Cyn + Azt) + 50 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast) which gave 12.76 and 14.62 kg fed-1 in 1 st and 2 nd seasons respectively. The highest Fe-uptake of 259.89 and 308.44 g fed-1 in 1 st and 2 nd seasons respectively, were given by (Azs + Azt) + 75 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast). The highest Mn-uptake of 185.36 and 214.18 g fed-1 in 1 st and 2 nd seasons respectively occurred with (Cyn + Azt) + 100 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast). The highest Zn-uptake of 151.52 and 171.52 g fed-1 in 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively occurred with (Azl + Azs) + 50 % N-level + yeast.

Effect of Foliar Application of Yeast on Yield and Seed Quality of Some Rice Cultivars

“…These results are in agreement with those obtained by (Barnett, et. al., 1990;Amer, 2004;El-Sirafy, et. al., 2011;Said, et.…”

“…Saccharomyces cerevisiae is considered a new promising plant growth promoting-factor for different crops. EL-Sirafy, et al, (2011) found that inoculation with biofertilizer mixtures along with foliar spray with yeast or yeast + N-solution lead to the highest grain yields, straw yields, weight per plant, dry matter plant and could be used along with application of 50 to 75 % of the recommended rate of N, thus saving 25 -50 % of N requirement of rice. Mady, (2009) found that foliar application with yeast extract increased many growth aspects as number of leaves per plant, dry weights of both stems and leaves and total leaf area, also increased photosynthetic pigments, total sugars, free amino acids and crude protein content in leaves of faba bean.…”