Field experiments, on rice crop (Oryza Sativa L. c.v. Giza 178) grown in Meet Louza Village, Mansoura Province, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt were conducted in 2008 and 2009 seasons on a silty clay soil. Biofertilization 8 treatments involving inoculums of Azolla (Azl), Azospirillum (Azs), Azotobacter (Azt), and Cynobacreria (Cyn) as well as mixtures (Azl + Azs), (Azl + Azt) (Azs + Azt) and (Cyn + Azt), soil Nfertilization (4 treatments of no-N, portions of 50 %, 75 % and 100 % of Nrecommended level of 60 kg N fed-1 as urea), and foliar spray of (2 treatments of yeast extract only, and yeast extract + 2 % N) were tasted in a randomized complete block design (factorial) involving the 3 above mentioned factors. Execution of experiment was a split-split plot with three replicates. The highest grain yields of (3.99 and 4.07 metric t fed-1) in 1 st and 2 nd seasons occurred with the treatment of (Cyn + Azt) + 50 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast). The highest straw yields were given by (Cyn + Azt) + 100 % N-level+ yeast which gave 3.94 metric t fed-1 in 1 st season, or by (Cyn + Azt) + 100 % N-level+ (2 % N + yeast) which gave 4.10 metric t fed-1. The highest weight per plant (at booting stage) was due to (Azs + Azt) + 50 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast) which were125.14 and 137.65 g dry matter plant-1 in 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively. The highest N-uptake by grains of 59.84 and 66.62 kg fed-1 for 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively occurred with (Azl) + 100 % N-level +(2 % N + yeast). The highest P-uptake by grains occurred with (Azl + Azt) + 50 % N-level (2 % N + yeast) which gave (7.51 and 9.46 kg fed-1) in 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively. The highest K-uptake occurred with (Cyn + Azt) + 50 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast) which gave 12.76 and 14.62 kg fed-1 in 1 st and 2 nd seasons respectively. The highest Fe-uptake of 259.89 and 308.44 g fed-1 in 1 st and 2 nd seasons respectively, were given by (Azs + Azt) + 75 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast). The highest Mn-uptake of 185.36 and 214.18 g fed-1 in 1 st and 2 nd seasons respectively occurred with (Cyn + Azt) + 100 % N-level + (2 % N + yeast). The highest Zn-uptake of 151.52 and 171.52 g fed-1 in 1 st and 2 nd seasons, respectively occurred with (Azl + Azs) + 50 % N-level + yeast.

This study was conducted during winter seasons of (2009)(2010) and (2010)(2011) at Meet Louza Village, Mansoura Province, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt on a silty clay soil to find out the residual effect rice N-biofertilization on the next wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L. c.v. sakha 93). Biofertilization 8 treatments involving inoculums of Azolla (Azl), Azospirillum (Azs), Azotobacter (Azt), and Cyanobacreria (Cyn) as well as mixtures (Azl + Azs), (Azl + Azt), (Azs + Azt) and (Cyn + Azt) which take the same location with the same layout of the experimental field for the previous crop (rice), soil N-fertilization (4 treatments of control, 12.5 %, 18.75 and 25 % of N-recommended level 75 kg N fed -1 as urea) were tasted in a split plot design with three replicates. The most important finding could be summarized as follows:  Treatment of 25 % N-level led to highest increases for plant height, grain yield, chlorophyll (a) and (b) content and the highest values were (101.27cm, 1.57 Mg fed -1 f.w) occurred with the combination of (12.5% N-level + Azs) and The superiority net return (3060 £.L. fed -1 .) of wheat crop, was given by combination of (25 % N-level + Azs).

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o address the current challenge of rising fertilizer costs and limited expansion of cultivated areas in Egypt, a field experiment was conducted for two successive seasons (2021 and 2022) to evaluate the effect of different tuber soaking techniques before planting and various rates of NPK recommended doses on potato growth and quality attributes. A split plot design with complete randomized blocks, consisting of 15 treatments; the soaking types included no soaking, soaking in normal water, and soaking in magnetized water, while the fertilization rates comprised 100% NPK of the recommended dose, fulvic acid+ 75% NPK from the recommended dose, fulvic acid+ 50% NPK of the recommended dose, biochar+ 75% NPK from the recommended dose, and biochar+ 50% NPK from the recommended dose. The results indicated that soaking tubers in magnetized water before planting yielded the highest values in terms of vegetative growth parameters, chlorophyll contents, ion percentage, potato yield, and quality. Furthermore, plants fertilized with 100% NPK of the recommended dose exhibited the maximum vegetative growth and yield. Likewise, the treatment involving fulvic acid+ 75% NPK showed the maximum values in terms of chlorophyll contents, nutrients percentage, and tuber quality. Based on these findings, it is recommended to soak tubers in magnetized water before planting and fertilize the plants with fulvic acid+ 75% NPK of the recommended dose. This approach can help reduce production costs by 25% while still achieving high potato yield and quality.