Role of Ethylene in the Senescence of Isolated Hibiscus Petals

Woodson, William R.; Hanchey, Susan H.; Chisholm, D.

doi:10.1104/pp.79.3.679

Cited by 39 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Prior to, or at the end of the incubation period, flowers were enclosed in 1 L jars for 0.5 h after which a gas sample was removed and analyzed for ethylene by gas chromatography using an activated alumina column and a flame ionization detector (23).…”

Section: Ethylene Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Inhibition of Ethylene Action and Interruption of Petal Senescence in Carnation Flowers by Norbornadiene

Wang

Woodson²

1989

Plant Physiol.

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119

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The inhibitory effects of the cyclic olefin 2,5-norbomadiene (NBD) on ethylene action were tested in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L. cv White Sim) flowers. Treatment of flowers at anthesis with ethylene in the presence of 500 microliters per liter NBD increased the concentration of ethylene required to elicit a response (petal senescence), indicating that NBD behaves as a competitive inhibitor of ethylene action. Transfer of flowers producing autocatalytic ethylene and exhibiting evidence of senescence (petal in-rolling) to an atmosphere of NBD resulted in a rapid reduction in ethylene production, petal 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase activity, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid content, and ethylene forming enzyme activity. Removal of NBD resulted in recovery of ethylene biosynthesis. These results support the autocatalytic regulation of ethylene production during the climacteric stage of petal senescence and suggest that continued perception of ethylene is required for maintenance of ethylene biosynthesis. The inhibition of ethylene action by NBD after the flowers had reached the climacteric peak was associated with interruption of petal senescence as evidenced by reversal of senescence symptoms. This result is in contrast to the widely held belief that the rate of petal senescence is fixed and irreversible once petals enter into the ethylene climacteric.

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Section: Ethylene Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Inhibition of Ethylene Action and Interruption of Petal Senescence in Carnation Flowers by Norbornadiene

Wang

Woodson²

1989

Plant Physiol.

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119

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“…Individual flowers were placed in 1 -L containers that were sealed for 30 min. A 1-mL sample was removed from the container atmosphere, and the ethylene content determined by gas chromatography (27). Petals have been shown to account for 80 to 90% of the total ethylene production by the whole flower (2).…”

Section: Ethylene Production and Carnation Petal Senescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Senescence-Related Genes from Carnation Flower Petals

Lawton

Huang²,

Goldsbrough³

et al. 1989

Plant Physiol.

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The senescence of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flower petals is associated with increased production of ethylene which plays an important role in regulating this developmental event. Three senescence-related cDNA clones were isolated from a cDNA library prepared from mRNA isolated from senescing petals. These cDNAs are representative of two classes of mRNAs which increase in abundance in senescing petal tissue. The mRNA for one class is present at low levels during the early stages of development and begins to accumulate in mature petals prior to the increase in ethylene production. The accumulation of this mRNA is reduced, but not eliminated, in petals treated with aminooxyacetic acid, an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis, or silver thiosulfate, an ethylene action inhibitor. In contrast, expression of the second class of mRNAs appears to be highly regulated by ethylene. These mRNAs are not detectable prior to the rise in ethylene production and increase in abundance in parallel with the ethylene climacteric. Furthermore, expression of these mRNAs is significantly inhibited by both aminooxyacetic acid and silver thiosulfate. Expression of these mRNAs in vegetative and floral organs was limited to floral tissue, and predominantly to senescing petals.Senescence represents the final stage in the development of a whole plant, organ, tissue, or cell. Flower petals are often the plant organ with the shortest life span, and as such provide a useful tissue for studying the mechanisms underlying control of senescence. It is clear that petal senescence is a highly controlled developmental event, which plays an important role in the overall reproductive development of the plant (2). In many species, petals function in the attraction of insects for pollination. Once pollination has occurred, and the function of the petals is complete, the metabolic resources of the petals are rapidly mobilized to the developing ovary leading to petal senescence. In the flowers of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.), pollination induces senescence by signaling the petals to produce the phytohormone ethylene (18). In the absence of pollination, petal senescence still occurs and is associated with a climacteric-like increase in ethylene production (2,16). It is clear that the increase in ethylene production plays a critical role in the coordination and regulation of petal '

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“…The senescence of flower petals is often associated with increased production of the phytohormone ethylene (4,10,13,14,29). In carnations, it is well established that this climacteric rise in ethylene plays an important role in the coordination and regulation of petal senescence (4,10,15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In carnations, it is well established that this climacteric rise in ethylene plays an important role in the coordination and regulation of petal senescence (4,10,15). Treatment of flowers with inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis or action has been shown to delay the onset of petal senescence (4,21,25,26,29). Furthermore, exposure of preclimacteric flowers to exogenous ethylene hastens the onset of petal senescence and induces autocatalytic ethylene production (10,13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Petals were detached from flowers and equilibrated with air for 15 min following ethylene treatment after which 0.5 g of petals were placed in 25 ml serum vials. The vials were capped, and ethylene was allowed to accumulate for 0.5 h, after which a gas sample was removed and analyzed for ethylene by GC as previously described (29 (10), was exhibited by flower petals following an ethylene treatment of at least 6 h (data not shown). When flowers were removed from the ethylene atmosphere after 6 h this in-rolling was reversed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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