Role of Food Phytochemicals in the Modulation of Circadian Clocks

Abstract

The circadian clock is an intrinsic mechanism of biological adaptation to the cyclical changes of the environment. The circadian rhythm disorders affect the life activities of organisms. A variety of phytochemicals (e.g., polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and melatonin) reportedly can regulate the expression and rhythm of circadian clock genes and stabilize the internal environment. This perspective focuses on the relationship of circadian clock genes with oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and metabolic disorders and emphasizes the regulation of phytochemicals on the circadian clock. Potential mechanisms and applications of supplemental phytochemicals to improve metabolic disorders and circadian rhythm disorders are also discussed.

Metagenomics analysis of intestinal flora modulatory effect of green tea polyphenols by a circadian rhythm dysfunction mouse model

“…People with continued circadian rhythm disruption have relatively high prevalence rate of hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, or other diseases (Bass & Takahashi, 2010). Studies have represented that TP can regulate the comparatively shallow diurnal vibration of gene expression in the biological clock of liver, which are caused by persistent darkness (Liu et al., 2019).…”

“…The circadian clock system of mammalian is hierarchically organized, contains a master clock situated in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. While the peripheral clock system is mainly distributed in heart, liver, intestine, adipose, and muscle tissues (Liu et al, 2019).…”

“…The circadian clock system of mammalian is hierarchically organized, contains a master clock situated in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. While the peripheral clock system is mainly distributed in heart, liver, intestine, adipose, and muscle tissues (Liu et al., 2019). Circadian oscillations in physiology are driven by the circadian clock via modulating transcribe, protein abundance, and function (Noya et al., 2019).…”

Soluble Dietary Fiber Reduces Trimethylamine Metabolism via Gut Microbiota and Co‐Regulates Host AMPK Pathways

“…SDFs were extracted from wheat brans [21] and further treated by α-amylase and protease E (7892 and 1020 U mL -1 ; Novozymes Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China), and amyloglucosidase (1,176 U g -1 , Tianjin Noao Science & Technology Development Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China) for removing starch and protein according to a previous method. [22] The saccharide composition of the SDF fractions and their molecular weight and structural features were determined using colorimetric analysis, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and gas chromatography (GC) profiling as described previously [23] and the results are presented in Table 1, Supporting Information.…”

The Preventive Effects of Pterostilbene on the Exercise Intolerance and Circadian Misalignment of Mice Subjected to Sleep Restriction

“…Recent evidences indicated that phytochemicals, especially polyphenols, directly impact circadian rhythms of the entire body. [ 18 ] Resveratrol (RSV) can regulate circadian clock genes in fibroblast cells and concomitantly activate SIRT1, which mediates Bmal1 and Clock in a deacetylase‐dependent manner. [ 19–21 ] Knockout of CLOCK or BMAL1 induces insulin resistance in the liver of mice, which can be reversed by RSV.…”