Role of Interleukin 8 in the Pathogenesis of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy

Abstract

We investigated the role of interleukin 8 (IL-8) in the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). The IL-8 level in the vitreous and the blood of 20 patients with PVR was measured by a specific enzyme-linked immunoassay method. Vitreous from cadaver eyes (n = 20) was used as the control. The IL-8 level in the vitreous was between 31.3 and 65 pg/ml in 40% of eyes with PVR. IL-8 was detected neither in the blood of the patients with PVR nor in the vitreous from cadaver eyes. IL-8 levels in the vitreous did not correlate with either the grade of PVR or the duration of symptoms. These results suggest that IL-8 may play a role in the pathogenesis of PVR.

Effect of Berberine on Interleukin 8 and Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 Expression in a Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Line

“…Chemokines act primarily as chemoattractants and activators of specifi c leukocytes at the site of infl ammation. High levels of the chemokines were present in the vitreous of patients with proliferative vitreoretinal diseases [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . Elner et al [2] showed and Abu El-Asrar et al [10] speculated that, under the infl uence of IL-1 ␤ , RPE cells and other resident ocular cells may produce locally elevated levels of MCP-1.…”

“…Claudio et al [7] reported that IL-1 ␤ increases the permeability of the blood-retina barrier. The levels of chemotactic cytokines including IL-8 and MCP-1 are higher in the vitreous of patients with proliferative vitreoretinal diseases than in normal subjects [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . These cytokines may help in stimulating the infi ltration of monocytes and macrophages into eyes with such disorders [10] .…”

Involvement of Müller glial cells in epiretinal membrane formation

“…Müller cells are one source of TNFα; downregulation of PEDF expression results in increase of TNFα secretion by Müller cells [214]. In addition, increased levels of IL-8 have been detected in the vitreous of patients with PVR and PDR [200,215,216]. IL-8 is a pro-inflammatory chemokine involved in the recruitment of neutrophils to sites of inflammation, and acts at two G-protein-coupled receptors (CXCR1 and 2).…”

Determination of vitreous interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) levels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Interleukins play an important role in the regulation of immune mechanisms, and are also thought to be responsible for the development of PDR. Cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b), and interferon-gama regulate cells and have immune and inflammatory properties.…”