Role of Intermolecular Forces on the Contact Angle of Vegetable Oil Droplets during the Cooling Process

Abstract

This study aims to experimentally determine the role of intermolecular forces on the contact angle of vegetable oil droplets. Contact angles were recorded using a microscope and measured using digital software. The results show that the surface tension of vegetable oils is influenced by the London force between the electron clouds of molecules. The process of cooling increases vegetable oil contact angles, due to the decreased kinetic energy of constituent molecules and increased London force on the molecules. A decrease in temperature causes the surrounding water vapor to condense, which adheres to the droplet surface (due to the hydrophilic properties of molecules). Hydrogen bonds develop after moisture adheres to the surface. Further, water molecules on the droplet surface reduce the surface tension, because of hydrogen bonds between the molecules on the droplet surface and moisture. Hydrogen bonds among the molecules force water molecules to accumulate on the droplet surface, which suppresses the droplet surface; therefore the contact angle decreases.

Studies on the Effect of Oil and Surfactant on the Formation of Alginate-Based O/W Lidocaine Nanocarriers Using Nanoemulsion Template

“…Coconut oil was mostly composed of lauric acid, accounting for 40% of its constituents, as reported by Rizza’s group [ 32 ]. Coconut oil showed the lowest measured contact angle at various cooling temperatures, compared to Jatropha curcas oil and sunflower oil, which are rich in oleic acid and linoleic acid, respectively.…”

“…Beeswax has fatty acid esters that give more polar properties compared to oleic acid, so that less lidocaine is solubilized [ 31 ]. Whereas, coconut oil is the most polar among other lipids used in this study due to its high lauric acid composition [ 32 ]. This limits its ability to dissolve lidocaine.…”

“…This reduced the viscosity and thus achieved a low contact angle. [ 32 ]. It was also observed that the higher the viscosity of the oil phase, the higher the droplet size, and the more the energy required to disrupt the oil droplets [ 19 , 43 ].…”

Fabrication of Alginate-Based O/W Nanoemulsions for Transdermal Drug Delivery of Lidocaine: Influence of the Oil Phase and Surfactant

“…Furthermore, owing to its long chain length, oleic acid non-polar property makes it less able to penetrate the interfacial film and less solubilized in the aqueous phase, resulting in larger particles [ 36 , 37 ]. Bees wax and coconut oil, on the other hand, contains polar components such as fatty alcohols and lauric acid, respectively [ 38 , 39 ]. This would lead to a decrease in the interfacial tension resulting in a smaller particle size [ 26 ].…”

Effect of process variables on adhesion of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and carbon fiber reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene materials printed using additive manufacturing

“…Therefore, adhesion behavior between the materials is poor so their interlaminar shear strength is decreased. [27][28][29][30] Figure 9 represents the relationship between contact angle and wetting property.…”