Role of oxidative stress and apoptosis in cadmium induced thymic atrophy and splenomegaly in mice

Pathak, Neelima; Khandelwal, Shashi

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.12.009

Cited by 116 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This observed decrease in the mean TAS of exposed animals could be due to the participation of the body's antioxidant system in combating the increased free radical load and probably the resultant oxidative stress created by the Cd toxicity in rats exposed to intraperitoneal injection of Cd. A previous study [23] had shown an increased free radical load, increased level of peroxidation products and reduced level of glutathione in rabbit models after chronic exposure to Cd. Antioxidants are known to prevent, protect and repair free-radical-mediated damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid, Lipoproteins, Total Antioxidant Status and Organ Changes in Rats Administered High Doses of Cadmium Chloride

Olisekodiaka¹,

Igbeneghu

Onuegbu³

et al. 2011

Med Princ Pract

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Objective: To determine the possible association between cadmium (Cd) exposure and alterations in plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels and total antioxidant status (TAS) in rats. Materials and Method: Twenty male albino rats assigned to 2 groups of 10 rats each (test and control) were used for the study. Each test animal model was given 1.0 mg CdCl₂/kg body weight, administered intraperitoneally for 4 weeks. Blood samples obtained from both groups at the beginning (baseline) and after 4 weeks of Cd exposure were analysed for triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), TAS and Cd. Kidney and liver sections from the rats were examined. Results: The plasma TG, TC and LDLC levels were significantly higher in exposed rats than controls (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Plasma HDLC was reduced in the exposed rats compared to controls (0.41 ± 0.22 and 0.68 ± 0.14 mmol/l, respectively). Conclusion: The observed dyslipidaemia and decrease in TAS could be due to increased free radical production causing oxidative stress. Damage to liver and kidney sections in the exposed group suggests that Cd toxicity results in detrimental histological changes and may be implicated in the aetiology of cerebrovascular diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid, Lipoproteins, Total Antioxidant Status and Organ Changes in Rats Administered High Doses of Cadmium Chloride

Olisekodiaka¹,

Igbeneghu

Onuegbu³

et al. 2011

Med Princ Pract

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“…Accumulation of intracellular ROS results in activation of the p53 and MAPKs pathways to promote cell apoptosis. However, ROS affect mitochondrial membrane potential and start a series of mitochondria-associated events and caspase activity and can be counted as another mediator of selenium treatment in cancer cells [207,208]. Selenium, in addition to overproduction and accumulation of ROS, causes oxidative stress or endoplasmic reticulum stress and mediated cell survival by modulating Ca 2+ release leading to caspase activity and apoptosis [209].…”

Section: Anticancer Effect Of Se Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal, Metalloid, and Oxide Nanoparticles for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Oncology

Yazdi¹,

Sepehrizadeh²,

Mahdavi³

et al. 2016

Nano BioMed ENG

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Nanoparticles have comprehensively affected various sights of human life. Through the wide range of claims about nanosized particles and their functions, biomedical applications are of much interest among health care researchers due to the nanoparticles' potential for use in the process of disease diagnosis, control and treatment. In this regard, inorganic nanoparticles, which have high potential in diagnostic and therapeutic systems, have recently received much attention in oncology. Although inorganic nanoparticles initially seemed an appropriate tool for cancer imaging and diagnosis, their ability to attack cancerous cells as anticancer drugs or carriers in other drugs has also demonstrated promising results. The present review primarily provides a brief survey of various studies in which metal nanoparticles such as gold, silver, iron oxide, and metalloid nanoparticles viz. tellurium and bismuth were exploited for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes in oncology. Then the application of selenium nanoparticles as a therapeutic agent against cancer in in vitro and in vivo studies is reviewed in detail. Although inorganic nanoparticles seem to be useful tools for cancer imaging and diagnosis, their potential for attacking cancerous cells as anticancer substances or even carriers for anticancer medications should not be underestimated.

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“…ROS are the byproducts of aerobic respiration and primarily arise from the mitochondria (16,17). At low concentrations, ROS has been identified as a second messenger in signaling pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alantolactone induces apoptosis in RKO cells through the generation of reactive oxygen species and the mitochondrial pathway

Zhang

Bao

Wu³

et al. 2013

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Abstract. Alantolactone, a methanol extract of Inula helenium, possesses anticancer properties in a number of cancer cell lines. However, its anticancer effect on human colorectal cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In the present study, the effects of alantolactone on cell viability and apoptosis in RKO human colon cancer cells were investigated. Alantolactone treatment of RKO cells was found to result in dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability and induction of apoptosis, accompanied with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, these effects were blocked with N-acetylcysteine, a specific ROS inhibitor. Western blotting indicated that exposure of RKO cells to alantolactone is associated with the downregulation of Bcl-2, induction of Bax and activation of caspase-3 and -9. These results indicated that a ROS-mediated mitochondria-dependent pathway is involved in alantolactone-induced apoptosis. From these observations, it was hypothesized that alantolactone may be used for the treatment of human colon cancer.

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Role of oxidative stress and apoptosis in cadmium induced thymic atrophy and splenomegaly in mice

Cited by 116 publications

References 45 publications

Lipid, Lipoproteins, Total Antioxidant Status and Organ Changes in Rats Administered High Doses of Cadmium Chloride

Lipid, Lipoproteins, Total Antioxidant Status and Organ Changes in Rats Administered High Doses of Cadmium Chloride

Metal, Metalloid, and Oxide Nanoparticles for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Oncology

Alantolactone induces apoptosis in RKO cells through the generation of reactive oxygen species and the mitochondrial pathway

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