2015
DOI: 10.1177/0884533615609896
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Role of the Gut Microbiome in Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity represent two of the biggest global health challenges of this century and are associated with significant comorbidities and healthcare costs. Although multiple factors undoubtedly contribute to the development and progression of DM and obesity, research over the last decade has demonstrated that the microbes that colonize the human gut may play key contributory roles. Gut microbes are now known to codevelop with the human host and are strongly influenced by mode of b… Show more

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Cited by 214 publications
(151 citation statements)
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References 155 publications
(204 reference statements)
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“…Overall, the gut microbiota was demonstrated to significantly influence, and itself can be shaped by, metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes 10, 35 . Adding to the complexity in understanding their contribution to NAFLD and other metabolic disease, intestinal bacteria populations vary considerably, depending on factors such as host genetics and health, the environment, and diet 36 .…”
Section: Influence Of Gut Microbiota On Metabolic Disease and Nafldmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Overall, the gut microbiota was demonstrated to significantly influence, and itself can be shaped by, metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes 10, 35 . Adding to the complexity in understanding their contribution to NAFLD and other metabolic disease, intestinal bacteria populations vary considerably, depending on factors such as host genetics and health, the environment, and diet 36 .…”
Section: Influence Of Gut Microbiota On Metabolic Disease and Nafldmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several studies demonstrated profound changes in the composition and metabolic function of the gut microbiota in obesity [6,7,8,9,10]. …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They increase nutrient utilization by their hosts through biodegradation of complex polysaccharides into more easily digested simpler sugars [40]. A decrease in the proportion of Bacteroidetes in the microbiome relative to Firmicutes is associated with obesity, and weight loss is associated with an increase in the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes [41,42]. In mice exposure to inorganic arsenic in drinking water produces dysbiosis, with an increase in the relative proportion of members of the Bacteroidetes phylum relative to Firmicutes, leading to a perturbation in metabolite profiles [17].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%