“…In various microorganisms, targets for ClpP-mediated proteolysis include several global regulators, including the following: Spx, which is involved in oxidative stress (62); RsiW, which is required during alkaline stress (60); and several regulators involved in bacterial development, such as ComK (competence development) (29,41,56), Sda (sporulation) (53), and H alternate sigma factor (34,35,44). Since ClpP is involved in protein quality control, inactivation of clpP leads to various biological changes, such as stress sensitivity, aberrant cell morphology, developmental defects, and severely attenuated virulence (20,22,26,43). Thus, ClpP protease, along with the Clp ATPases, is central in the coordination of developmental decisions and stress response in prokaryotic microorganisms.…”