“…In the adult rat, choline activates α7 receptors with a potency that is 10-fold lower than observed for ACh without any detectable effect at α4, α 2, β2, or β4 ACh receptor subtypes (Papke et al, 1996). In the mammalian brain, α7-nAChRs constitute one of the predominant nAChR subtypes and nicotine application to the ventral tegmental area, paired with postsynaptic stimulation, contributes to a form of long-term potentiation, an effect attributed to presynaptic α7-nAChRs on glutamatergic afferents (Jones and Wonnacott, 2004;Mansvelder and McGehee, 2000;Rousseau et al, 2005;Song et al, 2005). Of relevancy to the present study is the observation that prenatal choline supplementation increases the sensitivity of adult rats to the clock-speed enhancing effect of nicotine (Meck and Williams, 1997a), thus suggesting the possibility that prenatal choline supplementation can alter α7-nAChR function in adulthood (e.g., Cheng et al, 2006;Fayuk and Yakel, 2004;Gueseva et al, 2006;Morley et al, 1977;Stevens et al, 2007).…”