Rotational properties of dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates confined in anisotropic harmonic potentials

Malet, Francesc; Kristensen, Thomas Brun; Reimann, S. M.; Kavoulakis, G. M.

doi:10.1103/physreva.83.033628

Cited by 32 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…We notice the basic configuration of centered single vortex surrounded by five vortices at rotation frequency Ω = 0.7 as shown in figure 5(b). At Ω = 0.8 the vortex structure is shown in figure 5(c) resembles the structures observed in the references [16,20] for dipolar condensates. Further, we observed the square lattice at Ω = 0.9.…”

Section: Stationary Vortex Lattices In Purely Dipolar Becssupporting

confidence: 82%

Three-dimensional vortex structures in a rotating dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate

Kumar

Sriraman

Fabrelli

et al. 2016

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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Abstract. We study three-dimensional vortex lattice structures in purely dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). By using the mean-field approximation, we obtain a stability diagram for the vortex states in purely dipolar BECs as a function of harmonic trap aspect ratio (λ) and dipole-dipole interaction strength (D) under rotation. Rotating the condensate within the unstable region leads to collapse while in the stable region furnishes stable vortex lattices of dipolar BECs. We analyse stable vortex lattice structures by solving the three-dimensional time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation in imaginary time. Further, the stability of vortex states is examined by evolution in real-time. We also investigate the distribution of vortices in a fully anisotropic trap by increasing eccentricity of the external trapping potential. We observe the breaking up of the condensate in two parts with an equal number of vortices on each when the trap is sufficiently weak, and the rotation frequency is high.

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Section: Stationary Vortex Lattices In Purely Dipolar Becssupporting

confidence: 82%

Three-dimensional vortex structures in a rotating dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate

Kumar

Sriraman

Fabrelli

et al. 2016

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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“…To date there have been several examinations of the properties of vortex lattices in quasi-two-dimensional rotating dipolar BECs [144,[201][202][203][204][205][206]. Work by Cooper et al [201,203,204] found, by numerical minimization of the interaction energy with the wavefunction constrained to states in the Lowest Landau Level (LLL), that the dipolar interaction could modify the symmetry of the vortex lattice.…”

Section: Vortex Latticesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vortices and vortex lattices in quantum ferrofluids

Martin

Marchant

O’Dell

et al. 2017

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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The experimental realization of quantum-degenerate Bose gases made of atoms with sizeable magnetic dipole moments has created a new type of fluid, known as a quantum ferrofluid, which combines the extraordinary properties of superfluidity and ferrofluidity. A hallmark of superfluids is that they are constrained to rotate through vortices with quantized circulation. In quantum ferrofluids the long-range dipolar interactions add new ingredients by inducing magnetostriction and instabilities, and also affect the structural properties of vortices and vortex lattices. Here we give a review of the theory of vortices in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates, exploring the interplay of magnetism with vorticity and contrasting this with the established behaviour in non-dipolar condensates. We cover single vortex solutions, including structure, energy and stability, vortex pairs, including interactions and dynamics, and also vortex lattices. Our discussion is founded on the mean-field theory provided by the dipolar Gross-Pitaevskii equation, ranging from analytic treatments based on the Thomas-Fermi (hydrodynamic) and variational approaches to full numerical simulations. Routes for generating vortices in dipolar condensates are discussed, with particular attention paid to rotating condensates, where surface instabilities drive the nucleation of vortices, and lead to the emergence of rich and varied vortex lattice structures. We also present an outlook, including potential extensions to degenerate Fermi gases, quantum Hall physics, toroidal systems and the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition.

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“…The occurrence of quantized vortices is a hallmark of the superfluid nature of BECs. In addition, condensation of bosonic atoms and molecules with significant dipole moments whose interaction is both nonlocal and anisotropic has recently been achieved experimentally in trapped 52 Cr and 164 Dy gases [1,22,27,32,33,36,48].…”

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confidence: 99%

A Simple and Efficient Numerical Method for Computing the Dynamics of Rotating Bose--Einstein Condensates via Rotating Lagrangian Coordinates

Bao¹,

Marahrens²,

Tang³

et al. 2013

SIAM J. Sci. Comput.

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Abstract. We propose a simple, efficient, and accurate numerical method for simulating the dynamics of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in a rotational frame with or without longrange dipole-dipole interaction (DDI). We begin with the three-dimensional (3D) Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) with an angular momentum rotation term and/or long-range DDI, state the twodimensional (2D) GPE obtained from the 3D GPE via dimension reduction under anisotropic external potential, and review some dynamical laws related to the 2D and 3D GPEs. By introducing a rotating Lagrangian coordinate system, the original GPEs are reformulated to GPEs without the angular momentum rotation, which is replaced by a time-dependent potential in the new coordinate system. We then cast the conserved quantities and dynamical laws in the new rotating Lagrangian coordinates. Based on the new formulation of the GPE for rotating BECs in the rotating Lagrangian coordinates, a time-splitting spectral method is presented for computing the dynamics of rotating BECs. The new numerical method is explicit, simple to implement, unconditionally stable, and very efficient in computation. It is spectral-order accurate in space and second-order accurate in time and conserves the mass on the discrete level. We compare our method with some representative methods in the literature to demonstrate its efficiency and accuracy. In addition, the numerical method is applied to test the dynamical laws of rotating BECs such as the dynamics of condensate width, angular momentum expectation, and center of mass, and to investigate numerically the dynamics and interaction of quantized vortex lattices in rotating BECs without or with the long-range DDI. 1. Introduction. Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC), first observed in 1995 [4,18,23], has provided a platform to study the macroscopic quantum world. Later, with the observation of quantized vortices [2,19,34,35,37,39,50], rotating BECs have been extensively studied in the laboratory. The occurrence of quantized vortices is a hallmark of the superfluid nature of BECs. In addition, condensation of bosonic atoms and molecules with significant dipole moments whose interaction is both nonlocal and anisotropic has recently been achieved experimentally in trapped 52 Cr and 164 Dy gases [1,22,27,32,33,36,48].At temperatures T much smaller than the critical temperature T c , the properties of BEC in a rotating frame with long-range dipole-dipole interaction (DDI) are well

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Rotational properties of dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates confined in anisotropic harmonic potentials

Cited by 32 publications

References 49 publications

Three-dimensional vortex structures in a rotating dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate

Three-dimensional vortex structures in a rotating dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate

Vortices and vortex lattices in quantum ferrofluids

A Simple and Efficient Numerical Method for Computing the Dynamics of Rotating Bose--Einstein Condensates via Rotating Lagrangian Coordinates

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