Rotatory atlantoaxial subluxation following pharyngoplasty

Grisel's syndrome in otolaryngology: A systematic review

“…Sipila et al [5] 2 T Robinson and De Boer [6] 1 Pharyngoplasty Hopla et al [7] 2 First: otitis media, second: choanal atresia Boiten et al [8] 2 U R T I Sangermani et al [9] 1 T A Robertson et al [10] 1 R P A Antoniuk [11] 1 T Mathern and Batzdorf [12] 2 U R T I Eadie et al [13] 2 Pharyngoplasty Singer [14] 2 T A Litman and Perkins [15] 1 Tympanomastoidectomy& trisomy21 Prado et al [16] 1 R P A Samuel et al [17] 3 T A Baker et al [18] 2 T A Nucci et al [19] 1 Instilling eye drops& Downs syndrome Welinder et al [20] 1 R P A Onerci et al [21] 1 T A Kelly et al [22] 1 Bilateral otoplasty *Subach et al [23] 20 7 URTI, 4 TA, 4 trauma, 5 idiopathic Bedi et al [24] 1 T A Dasen [25] 1 T Brisson [26] 1 Central line placement Cunnington and Mongia [27] 1 Pharyngeal abscess Al-Jishi and Sreekantaswamy [28] 1 Primary dystonia Meek et al [29] 1 Pharyngoplasty and grommets in cleft palate case Kraft and Tschopp [30] 3 A Holcomb et al [31] 4 URTI, TA *Martinez-Lage et al [32] 4 3 trauma, 1 OM Guleryuz et al [33] 1 U R T I Gourin et al [34] 1 R P A Okada et al [35] 1 Mumps Mezue et al [36] 13 URTI Kasten et al [37] 1 U R T I Tschopp [38] 3 Monopolar electrocautery and A Ugur et al [39] 2 U R T I Lehtinen et al [40] 1 U R T I Yu et al [41] 1 T A Fernandez-Cornejo et al [42] 4 U R T I Hirth and Welkoborsky …”

Three-dimensional spiral CT scanning in children with acute torticollis

“…More sinister causes such as intracranial posterior fossa tumours, syringomyelia, and upper cervical bone infection or tumours must be kept in mind. Acquired acute torticollis is also described after surgery to the pharynx [9]. Over 50% of the patients in our series had a history of trauma whereas, surprisingly, only 10% had a preceeding viral infection of the pharynx, which is low compared to some authors [10,11].…”

Significance of prevention and early treatment of a postoperative twisted neck: atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation after head and neck surgery

“…Our three cases showed torticollis on the day after surgery, but AARS does not always develop within 24 h [5,20]. Early recognition of the cervical complication with early neurosurgical consultation is mandatory to prevent serious consequences [6].…”

“…Therefore, we decided to establish guidelines for prevention and early treatment of postoperative AARS based on our three cases and the literature about AARS. Pediatric surgery, otopharyngeal inflammation, general anesthesia, and extreme rotation of the head are risk factors for development of AARS, and patients with multiple factors are probably at higher risk [3,7,20]. Our guidelines require the following four items for highrisk patients: (1) informed consent, (2) preoperative check, (3) appropriate surgical position, and [4] postoperative check.…”