Rutin- potent natural thrombolytic agent

Abstract

Thrombosis, the formation of blood clots, is a cause not only of heart attacks and strokes, but of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism as well. The number one killer of Americans is a blood clot that blocks blood flow to the heart or to the brain and approximately half of all morbidity and mortality in the United States can be attributed to heart attack or stroke. All the blood clot related conditions are life-threatening, and so there is a need for safe, effective and preventive treatment. A natural substance rutin, also called rutoside, is a citrus flavonoid glycoside found in Fagopyrum esculentum (buckwheat), the leaves and petioles of Rheum species, and Asparagus. This flavonoid compound has shown effective thrombolytic activity (prevents the formation of blood clots) by blocking the enzyme protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) found in all cells involved in blood clotting. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established that rutin is safe and, thus provides a safe and inexpensive drug that could reduce recurrent clots and help save thousands of lives.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i12.12454 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(12): 431-435

Flavonoid glycosides and their putative human metabolites as potential inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)

“… 29 In addition to its anticoagulant therapeutic effects, LMWH has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects, endothelial protection and viral inhibition. 30 Rutin, displayed here as an active agent against 3CLpro and RdRp of SARS-CoV-2, has also proved to have anticoagulant therapeutic effects 31 as well as anti-inflammatory effects and potential protection against acute lung injury (ALI). 32 Intravenous or intranasal administration could be an alternative to oral intake, thus improving its bioavailability.…”

Phenolic fractions from nine Trifolium species modulate the coagulant properties of blood plasma in vitro without cytotoxicity towards blood cells

“…The use of natural dietary supplements, nutraceuticals and herbal drugs of plant origin, as a prophylaxis of cardiovascular disorders and thrombotic complications, is one of the most promising strategies for improvement of human health in developed countries. Moreover, natural medicines based on plant extracts or isolated natural compounds may be very efficient in therapy of numerous disorders related to the cardiovascular system . Biochemical mechanisms of antithrombotic properties of plant substances include three main types of a biological action, such as antiplatelet, anticoagulant and pro‐fibrinolytic effects …”

GC-MS Analysis and Thrombolytic Property of Methanolic Leaf Extracts of Terminalia pallida Brandis against Carrageenan Instigated Tail Thrombosis Model in Mice

“…The plant constituent rutin has been proved that it is reversibly inhibiting the protein disulfide isomerase in the process of anticoagulation. [15] In addition, various potential plant extracts and constituents like borneol, [16] sulfated (1-3)-β-L-arabinan of Codium vermilara, [17] crude extract of Erigeron canadensis L, [18] 2,3,5,4-tetrahydroxy stilbene-2-Oβ-D-glucoside of Polygonum multiforum, [19] salvianolic acid B-Salvia miltiorrhiza, [20] pomolic acid-Licania pittier, [21] rhynchophylline, [22] with probable mechanism of action have been reported in various literature sources. Though, no new herbal agent has been established for complete anticoagulant therapy.…”