Sacred Landscapes: Albany and Anzac Pilgrimage

Machine infelicity in a poignant visitor setting: comparing human and AI’s ability to analyze discourse

“…Nested in the hypernym 'Heritage Tourism', commemoration is seen as a form of thanatourism (Hyde & Harman, 2011;Light, 2017;MacCarthy, 2017;Packer et al, 2019;Winter, 2010Winter, , 2011Winter, , 2019a. The act of travelling to a commemorative site also qualifies as a form of pilgrimage (Stephens, 2014;Winter, 2019b). Thanatourism, originally coined by Seaton is "the presentation and consumption of real and commodified death and disaster sites" (Foley & Lennon, 1996, p. 198;Seaton, 1996).…”

“…Thanatourism, originally coined by Seaton is "the presentation and consumption of real and commodified death and disaster sites" (Foley & Lennon, 1996, p. 198;Seaton, 1996). Within the 'politics of heritage' (Timothy, 2011;Waterton, 2014) commemoration enjoys an uneasy relationship with thanatourism; this, given efforts to commodify the respected dead are often incongruous (Austin, 2002;Stephens, 2014). Stephens (2014) refers to such commemorative exploitation as the "greediness for war memory" (p. 24).…”

“…Within the 'politics of heritage' (Timothy, 2011;Waterton, 2014) commemoration enjoys an uneasy relationship with thanatourism; this, given efforts to commodify the respected dead are often incongruous (Austin, 2002;Stephens, 2014). Stephens (2014) refers to such commemorative exploitation as the "greediness for war memory" (p. 24). More recently, scholars have sought to widen this definition to include sites beyond conflict and battlefields to include associated meanings such as trauma tourism (Gross, 2006), dystopian and 'dark aesthetics' [tourism related] (Podoshen et al, 2015), and suicide tourism (Pratt et al, 2019;Sperling, 2019;Wen et al, 2019).…”

Encounters with Popular Pasts

“…Likewise, olive trees were placed in the limestone maze of the Valley of Communities Holocaust Memorial in Jerusalem, symbolizing "hope and peace, deriving from the biblical myth about Noah and the ark in which the branch of the olive tree brought to Noah by the dove signified the end of the deluge and the beginning of new life" (Egoz 2002, p. 180). For Australians, pines symbolize troops lost in the 1915 Battle of Lone Pine in Gallipoli thus in Albany, Western Australia, the Desert Mounted Corps Memorial features a single pine tree and the ANZAC Peace Park plans to incorporate an entire grove of pines (Stephens 2014). As will be discussed further on in this chapter, the use of pines in numerous Gallipoli memorial landscapes is a keen example of how "societies appropriate and reproduce the symbolism of significant places into the everyday social environment" (Stephens 2014, p. 15).…”

War remembrance in a sacralized space of memory: The origins and evolution of Volkstrauertag in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada

“…While much of the literature has focussed on the commemorative practices that are associated with particular monuments and memorial landscapes, little attention has been paid to examining war remembrance ceremonies at the final resting place of the war dead (Walter, 1993). This case study adds to the small but growing literature on the war cemetery as both a commemoration space and a site of pilgrimage (Butler and Suntikul, 2012;Stephens, 2014;Walls, 2011). It also contributes to the even smaller body of work dealing with vernacular commemoration by ethnocultural communities whose memories of particular wars may be perceived by the outsider to be potentially contentious in relation to official scripts or to other ethnocultural and religious groups (Dick, 2010;Kobayashi and Ziino, 2009).…”