Safety Assessment of a UAV CD&amp;R System in High Density Airspace Using Monte Carlo Simulations

Jenie, Yazdi I.; Kampen, E. van; Ellerbroek, Joost

doi:10.1109/tits.2017.2758859

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Many researcher papers on collision avoidance for the UAV have been conducted recently (Manathara and Ghose, 2011; Zeitlin et al , 2006; Jenie et al , 2018) with the aim of defining the best solution. Moreover, international and European civil aviation organizations also conducted many studies European Union Aviation Safety Agency [EASA, 2016; SESAR JU, 2020; ICAO, 2021; EASA, 2021] intending to set integrating requirements and Regulatory frameworks for the UAV operations.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Existing Airborne Collision Avoidance Systems ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

ACAS installation on unmanned aerial vehicles: effectiveness and safety issues

Tomić

Čokorilo

Vasov

et al. 2022

AEAT

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Purpose The paper aims to investigate the compatibility of manned-aircraft airborne collision avoidance systems (ACAS) for use on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Design/methodology/approach The paper uses the Fault Tree method for defining ACAS model adapted for the UAV operations, with the aim of showing the presence of certain factors that configure in such ACAS system, and whose failure can lead to an adverse event – mid-air collision. Findings Based on the effectiveness analysis of ACAS solution adapted for the UAV operations, for given inputs, it can be concluded that the probability of ACAS failure is on the order of 10–4, as well as that in the case of autonomous ACAS solution for the UAV, the probability is reduced to 10–5. The most influential factors for the failure of the UAV’s ACAS are as follows: technical implications on the UAV, human factor, sensor error, communication and C2 link issue. Practical implications The established model could be used both in the UAV’s ACAS design and application phases, with the aim of assessing the effectiveness of the adopted solution. The model outputs not only highlight the critical points of the system but also provide the basis for defining the Target Level of Safety (TLOS) for the UAV operations. Originality/value The developed model can be expected to speed up the design and adoption process of ACAS solutions for the UAVs. Also, the paper presents one of the first attempts to quantify TLOS for the UAV operations in the context of collision avoidance systems.

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Section: Evaluation Of Existing Airborne Collision Avoidance Systems ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

ACAS installation on unmanned aerial vehicles: effectiveness and safety issues

Tomić

Čokorilo

Vasov

et al. 2022

AEAT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This model can capture the highfrequency behaviour of pantograph-catenary and has been validated against the measurement data and a worldwide benchmark [26]. In combination with the Monte Carlo method [27], the stochastic analysis of the contact force is performed with different levels of CWW and operating speeds.…”

Section: Contribution Of This Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation on the Current Collection Quality of Railway Pantograph-Catenary Systems With Contact Wire Wear Degradations

Song

Wang

Liu

2021

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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In railway pantograph-catenary systems, the contact surfaces undergo wear in a long-term operation, directly affecting interaction performance and potentially deteriorating the current collection quality. The effect of contact wire wear (CWW) on the current collection quality should be evaluated to understand the system's health status in operations. This paper presents a stochastic analysis of the pantograph-catenary interaction performance with different levels of CWW based on four years of measurement data. The power spectral density (PSD) estimation is performed to the measured CWW to obtain their frequency representations. The random time histories of CWW are generated based on the PSDs. A nonlinear finite element model of catenary with a lumped-mass pantograph is built. Using the Monte Carlo method, the stochastic analysis of pantograph-catenary contact force is performed to investigate the distribution and dispersion of assessment indices with different levels of CWW. The results indicate that the CWW mainly affects the maximum and minimum contact forces instead of the contact force standard deviation. The optimal pantograph-catenary interaction performance is observed certain years after CWW is formed depending on the traffic density of the railway line, which is at the second year in the presented case study. Then, the performance declines with an increase in service time. Also, higher operating speed causes a more significant dispersion in assessment indices representing a lower current collection quality, particularly at the maximum operating speed (70% of the catenary wave propagation speed).

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“…Free flight is very challenging in low altitude airspace because the environment is complex and dynamic. Namely, many obstacles are dense, moving [7], and unpredictable [8].…”

Section: A Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Control for Multicopters to Avoid Non-Cooperative Moving Obstacles

Quan,

Fu,

Cai

2021

Preprint

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are now becoming increasingly accessible to amateur and commercial users alike. The main task for UAVs is to keep a prescribed separation with obstacles in the air. In this paper, a collision-avoidance control method for non-cooperative moving obstacles is proposed for a multicopter with the altitude hold mode by using a Lyapunov-like barrier function. Lyapunov-like functions are designed elaborately, based on which formal analysis and proofs of the proposed control are made to show that the collisionavoidance control problem can be solved if the moving obstacle is slower than the multicopter. The result can be extended to some cases of multiple obstacles. What is more, by the proposed control, a multicopter can keep away from obstacles as soon as possible, once obstacles enter into the safety area of the multicopter accidentally, and converge to the waypoint. Simulations and experiments are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method by showing the distance between UAV and waypoint, obstacles respectively.

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Safety Assessment of a UAV CD&R System in High Density Airspace Using Monte Carlo Simulations

Cited by 25 publications

References 10 publications

ACAS installation on unmanned aerial vehicles: effectiveness and safety issues

ACAS installation on unmanned aerial vehicles: effectiveness and safety issues

An Investigation on the Current Collection Quality of Railway Pantograph-Catenary Systems With Contact Wire Wear Degradations

Practical Control for Multicopters to Avoid Non-Cooperative Moving Obstacles

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