Safety of resistance training in the elderly

Sagiv, Michael

doi:10.1007/s11556-009-0047-8

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Unexpectedly, key mitochondrial adaptations were similar in the ET and ST group. This is of great interest for several reasons: especially in the elderly, quality of life can be decreased by the inability to perform many activities of daily living due to sarcopenia and muscle weakness (54). ST increases muscular strength and size and can be used successfully to significantly improve quality of life by improvement of glucose metabolism and muscle strength and functional mobility in elderly.…”

Section: Perspectives and Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Similar qualitative and quantitative changes of mitochondrial respiration following strength and endurance training in normoxia and hypoxia in sedentary humans

Pesta

Hoppel

Macek

et al. 2011

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

158

172

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Endurance and strength training are established as distinct exercise modalities, increasing either mitochondrial density or myofibrillar units. Recent research, however, suggests that mitochondrial biogenesis is stimulated by both training modalities. To test the training "specificity" hypothesis, mitochondrial respiration was studied in permeabilized muscle fibers from 25 sedentary adults after endurance (ET) or strength training (ST) in normoxia or hypoxia [fraction of inspired oxygen (Fi(O(2))) = 21% or 13.5%]. Biopsies were taken from the musculus vastus lateralis, and cycle-ergometric incremental maximum oxygen uptake (VO(2max)) exercise tests were performed under normoxia, before and after the 10-wk training program. The main finding was a significant increase (P < 0.05) of fatty acid oxidation capacity per muscle mass, after endurance and strength training under normoxia [2.6- and 2.4-fold for endurance training normoxia group (ET(N)) and strength training normoxia group (ST(N)); n = 8 and 3] and hypoxia [2.0-fold for the endurance training hypoxia group (ET(H)) and strength training hypoxia group (ST(H)); n = 7 and 7], and higher coupling control of oxidative phosphorylation. The enhanced lipid oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity was mainly (87%) due to qualitative mitochondrial changes increasing the relative capacity for fatty acid oxidation (P < 0.01). Mitochondrial tissue-density contributed to a smaller extent (13%), reflected by the gain in muscle mass-specific respiratory capacity with a physiological substrate cocktail (glutamate, malate, succinate, and octanoylcarnitine). No significant increase was observed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content. Physiological OXPHOS capacity increased significantly in ET(N) (P < 0.01), with the same trend in ET(H) and ST(H) (P < 0.1). The limitation of flux by the phosphorylation system was diminished after training. Importantly, key mitochondrial adaptations were similar after endurance and strength training, regardless of normoxic or hypoxic exercise. The transition from a sedentary to an active lifestyle induced muscular changes of mitochondrial quality representative of mitochondrial health.

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Section: Perspectives and Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Similar qualitative and quantitative changes of mitochondrial respiration following strength and endurance training in normoxia and hypoxia in sedentary humans

Pesta

Hoppel

Macek

et al. 2011

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

158

172

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“…Immobility is one of the most significant causes of hospitalization; it reduces motor function and social independence, increases the risk of outpatient care, nursing home admission, and death [16]. The subsequent decline in strength reduces the capacity to carry out basic activities of daily life and also puts people at risk for falls, impaired mobility, and dependence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical performance, body composition, and quality of life in elderly women from clubs for the retired and living in twilight homes

Barthalos

Bognár

Fügedi

et al. 2012

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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SummaryStudy aim: To explore how elderly people with different living conditions are characterized by their fitness, body composition, and quality of life. Material and methods: Women aged 60 years and over (n = 60; age = 76.2 ± 7.6 years) were examined in crosssectional study from a medium-sized city in western Hungary. Participants were chosen from a twilight home (n=27, age = 79.4 ± 7.7years) and clubs for retired people (n = 33, age = 73.7 ± 6.6 years). Physical fitness status was assessed by Fullerton Functional Fitness Test -Senior Fitness Test (FFFT); body composition (BC) with Inbody-720 bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy; and quality of life with WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire. Data were analysed with the use of t-test for independent samples and stepwise discriminant analysis. Results: FFFT shows significant differences in each variable: lower and upper body strength, aerobic endurance, upper and lower body flexibility, and dynamic balance. These variables were significantly higher in the clubs for retired people. The BC of twilight home residents was significantly lower in height and fat-free mass. Regarding quality of life, there were significant differences in perception, autonomy, and sociability for the favour of elderly in clubs; however, there were no differences in activities of past, present and future, or differences in attitudes towards death or intimacy. Conclusions: A sedentary and institutionalized lifestyle with little variety in daily activity and programing has a negative effect on physical fitness status, body composition, and quality of life. Self-motivation, active lifestyle, and regular and varied programs seem to have leading roles in the quality of life in elder population.

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“…In this regard, previous research has established intra-arterial blood pressures during RT in cardiac patients to be within a clinically tolerable range at 40-60% of 1-RM [72,73]. Further, research has also demonstrated that electrocardiographic (ECG) responses during RT at 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of 1-RM failed to induce clinically significant ST-segment depression, angina or ventricular arrhythmias [74]. In fact, RT has not been found elicit significant cardiovascular events even during 1-RM determination [75].…”

Section: Safety Of Resistance Training In the Management Of Cardiovascular Disease Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Resistance Training in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Shaw¹,

Brown²,

Shaw³

2022

Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease

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Contrary to the longstanding taboo of resistance training (RT) as a therapeutic treatment, RT has been gaining importance as a safe therapeutic option in the management of numerous diseases. Although exercise has well-documented health benefits on cardiovascular disease (CVD), the benefit of RT on CVD risk factors is not yet as widely prescribed as other modes of exercise. Due to its efficacy in the management of CVD, RT should be regarded as a complementary therapeutic treatment rather than a substitute to other modes of exercise therapy. While it is clear that RT can result in an attenuation of CVD risk, the various RT design options related to intensity and volume and how they impact on CVD risk, especially in different populations (i.e. children, elderly, women) is not yet well documented. This chapter will discuss the physiological phenomenon and benefits of RT as a therapeutic intervention aiming to manage CVD risk.

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Safety of resistance training in the elderly

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Similar qualitative and quantitative changes of mitochondrial respiration following strength and endurance training in normoxia and hypoxia in sedentary humans

Similar qualitative and quantitative changes of mitochondrial respiration following strength and endurance training in normoxia and hypoxia in sedentary humans

Physical performance, body composition, and quality of life in elderly women from clubs for the retired and living in twilight homes

Importance of Resistance Training in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease Risk

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