Safflower (Carthamus tinctoriusL.)

Nimbkar, Nandini; Singh, Vrijendra

doi:10.1201/9781420005363.ch6

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Safflower is an erect, herbaceous, highly branched, spiny, thistle-like annual plant that grows from 30 to 150 cm in height (Singh and Nimbkar, 2006;Kumar and Kumari, 2011). Young safflower plants form a rosette and remain in this vegetative state for many weeks, during which leaves and a deep taproot system develop.…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This deep taproot system, with abundant thin horizontal roots, allows the plant to extract water and nutrients from deeper layers of soil than many other crop plants (Li and Mündel, 1996;GRDC, 2010). The rosette stage is followed by rapid stem elongation, extensive branching then flowering, with leaves being arranged on both sides of the stem (Li and Mündel, 1996;Singh and Nimbkar, 2006).…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Safflower has a deep root system, which makes it ideal for rainfed cropping systems (Singh and Nimbkar, 2006). Tap roots from safflower may extend 2-3 m into the soil (Oyen and Umali, 2007;Heuzé et al, 2015).…”

Section: Agronomic Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rosette stage is followed by rapid stem elongation and extensive branching (Li and Mündel, 1996;Singh and Nimbkar, 2006). As temperature and day length increase the stem begins to elongate and branch.…”

Section: Generation Time and Duration Under Natural Circumstances And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Executive summary

2022

Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology

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From their first commercialisation in the mid-1990s, genetically engineered crops (also known as "transgenic" or "genetically modified" plants) have been approved for commercial release in an increasing number of countries, for planting, entering in the composition of foods and feeds, or use in industrial processing. The majority of these productions are for soybean, maize, cotton and rapeseed (canola) bearing pest resistance and herbicide tolerance traits, aiming to improve yields and reduce the costs of production. Other transgenic crops that are increasingly grown to date comprise lucerne (alfalfa), sugar beet, sugarcane, papaya, safflower, potato, eggplant, as well as pumpkin, apple and pineapple in smaller areas. Other traits are increasingly introduced in engineered plants, adapting them to biotic or abiotic stress, such as resistance to drought or tolerance to salt in the growing environment, or changing a characteristic, e.g. modified oil content, reduced lignin content, non-browning or nutritional quality (biofortification). Thus, transgenic crops, where adopted and available on the market, enlarge possibilities for farmers, industry and consumers. They can play a part in addressing global concerns such as the rising need for food and feed in the growing population context or the necessary adaptation of agriculture for better resilience to climate change.Modern biotechnologies are applied to plants (crops, flowers and trees) but also animals and micro-organisms. The safety of the resulting genetically engineered organisms, when released in the environment for their use in agriculture, forestry, fishery, the food and feed industry, biofuel production or other applications, represents a challenging issue. A scientifically sound approach to their risk assessment should inform biosafety regulators and support national decisions regarding their possible market release. Genetically engineered products are rigorously assessed by their developers during their elaboration and by governments when ready for commercial use, to ensure high safety standards for the environment, human food and animal feed. Such assessments are considered essential for healthy and sustainable agriculture, industry and trade.In 2019, according to the annual report of the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications, the five main producers of genetically engineered crops were the United States, Brazil, Argentina, Canada and India (listed by decreasing area) covering a combined 170 million hectares representing more than 90% of the global transgenic crop area. Among the 29 countries having grown genetically engineered crops in that year, 9 of them were OECD countries, listed by decreasing area as follows: the

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Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Agronomic Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Generation Time and Duration Under Natural Circumstances And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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2022

Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology

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“…Safflower is an all year round, drought, heat, cold and saline tolerant oil seed crop. It is a bushy, greatly branched, herbaceous thistle-like annual with long spiny or non-spiny leaves (Singh & Nimbkar, 2006;Weiss, 2000). It belongs to the family Asteraceae/Compositae with other crops of economic importance such as artichoke (Cynara), lettuce (Lactuca), endive (Cichorium) and salsify (Tragopogon) used as vegetables and sunflower (Helianthus) commonly used as a vegetable oil crop (Archibald, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotype Effect on Proximate and Mineral Analysis of Safflower as a Green Leafy Vegetable

Moatshe¹,

Emongor²,

Mashiqa³

2020

JAS

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Two field trials were carried out at the Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources Content Farm (59o24′S, 95o25′E and 993 m above sea level) in Southern Region of Botswana, to evaluate the effects of genotypes on proximate and mineral composition of safflower leaves. Five safflower genotypes (Kiama composite (local), Sina-PI-537598, Gila-PI-537692, PI-537636 and PI-527710) were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. During the rosette stage safflower leaves (both petiole and blade) were harvested, dried, and ground for analysis. The results showed that safflower genotypes significantly varied in the leaf proximate content of crude protein (24-28%), crude fibre (8-14%), moisture content (86-87%) and dry matter content (13-14%) in both winter and summer growing seasons. The genotype ‘Sina’ had the highest crude fibre content compared to other genotypes. The average leaf mineral content significantly (p < 0.05) varied from 2-3 mg g-1 phosphorus, 3-4 mg g-1 calcium, 5-6 mg g-1 sodium, 15-17 mg g-1 magnesium and 15-18 mg g-1 potassium. The Na:K and Ca:P ratios ranged between 0.18 and 3.41. All the safflower genotypes evaluated had sufficient nutritional content to be used as a green leafy vegetable for human consumption and food security.

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Carthamus

Sehgal¹,

Raina²

2010

Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources

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Safflower (Carthamus tinctoriusL.)

Cited by 21 publications

References 43 publications

Executive summary

Executive summary

Genotype Effect on Proximate and Mineral Analysis of Safflower as a Green Leafy Vegetable

Carthamus

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