Salivary B-type natriuretic peptide: a new method for heart failure diagnosis and follow-up

Abstract

A b s t r a c tBackground: Frequent hospital admissions and reduced quality of life are the main complications of heart failure (HF). Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels have been considered as a cost-effective method of screening for left ventricular dysfunction. Studies regarding BNP-guided therapy revealed reduction in death or hospital stay for HF. Aim:As saliva has fewer limitations than blood in regard to sampling, the aim of the present study was to test if salivary BNP concentration might be a new biomarker in patients with chronic HF.Methods: This pilot study involved 35 admitted patients with decompensated HF diagnosis and 35 HF patients who had come for a check-up at the Department of Cardiology. The control group consisted of 25 people with no history of cardiac events. Saliva and plasma samples of all the participants were collected.Results: Mean plasma NT-proBNP was found at higher levels in admitted HF patients compared to outpatient HF (9.37 vs. 6.62 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and control groups (9.37 vs. 4.69 pg/mL, p < 0.001). Also, mean salivary BNP levels were higher in admitted patients with HF (6.50 ng/L, p < 0.001); and outpatient HF group (5.87 ng/L, p = 0.02) compared to the control group (5.64 ng/L). Conclusions:Our study demonstrated that BNP could be detected in saliva and that the level is higher in HF patients, especially symptomatic ones. This means that salivary BNP may be useful in the diagnosis and follow-up for patients with HF, especially in emergency settings.

Effects of Active Components of Fuzi and Gancao Compatibility on Bax, Bcl‐2, and Caspase‐3 in Chronic Heart Failure Rats

“…The level of plasma BNP is a cost-effective method for evaluating the LV dysfunction. And some studies presented that BNP-guided therapies showed a decrease in death and hospital stay of CHF patients [34]. That means BNP is positively associated with all-cause mortality of CHF, and researchers also found that the standard of BNP was useful in estimating prognosis in stable CHF patients [35].…”

Potential and Limitations of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide as Biomarker in Pediatric Heart Failure—A Comparative Review

“…So far, no studies evaluated the significance of salivary ANP in heart failure, but for NT-proBNP and BNP first studies were conducted. Those indicate that adult heart failure patients present higher levels than controls (53, 54). Saliva offers the advantages of being non-invasive, less demanding and easier to handle than blood.…”

Rapid and Selective Biomarker Detection with Conductometric Sensors

“…The concentrations of other 3 antigens (cathelicidin, B‐natriuretic peptide (BNP), and cardiac troponin I (cTnI)) were maintained at 10 p m to study the effect of device performance and selectivity for IL‐6 and CRP in the presence of functionally, morphologically, and chemically different antigens under same concentration of targeted antigen. Cathelicidin, [ 64 ] BNP, [ 65 ] and cTnI [ 66 ] were reported to be present in human saliva and the concentrations of these antigens in human saliva is increased especially in the event of a cardiovascular disease. It is important to note that a significantly high resistance change was observed for the targeted antigen from the corresponding antibody‐immobilized device in the presence of antigen mixture.…”