“…All studies included in this systematic review and meta-analysis were published in English. Nineteen studies (Almeida et al, 2017;Andrade et al, 2015;Bayraktar et al, 2004Bayraktar et al, , 2007Bayraktar et al, , 2009Bots et al, 2006;Caliento et al, 2018;Cengiz et al, 2009;Chamani, Zarei, Radvar, Rashidfarrokhi, & Razazpour, 2009;Garcez, Limeres Posse, Carmona, Feijoo, & Diz Dios, 2009;Gavaldá et al, 1999;Jaffe, Roberts, Chantler, & Carter, 1986;Kanjanabuch, Sinpitaksakul, Chinachatchawarat, Pacharapong, & Kanjanabuch, 2011;Limeres et al, 2016;Pakpour, Kumar, Fridlund, & Zimmer, 2015;Schmalz et al, 2016;Tadakamadla et al, 2014;Teratani et al, 2013;Tiwari et al, 2013) evaluated dental caries, two studies (Ibarra-Santana et al, 2007;Patil, Khaandelwal, Doni, Rahuman, & Kaswan, 2012) investigated DDE, and six studies (Al-Nowaiser et al, 2003;Caliento et al, 2018;Ertuğrul et al, 2003;Martins et al, 2008;Wolff et al, 1985) assessed dental caries and DDE among individuals with CKD in comparison with non-CKD individuals. A list of the articles excluded in phase 2 along with the reasons for their exclusion is displayed in the Supporting Information Appendix S1.…”