Sampling

Brgmann, L.; Kremling, Klaus

doi:10.1002/9783527613984.ch1

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Samples for nutrients were collected based on the procedures described by Brügmann and Kremling () and Kremling and Brügmann (). Briefly, water samples were filtered through a 0.45 μ m filter into acid washed (10% HCl overnight) sample bottles and stored at −20°C for later analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial and protist community changes during a phytoplankton bloom

et al. 2015

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The present study aims to characterize the change in the composition and structure of the bacterial and microzooplankton planktonic communities in relation to the phytoplankton community composition during a bloom. High‐throughput amplicon sequencing of regions of the 16S and 18S rRNA gene was undertaken on samples collected during a 20 day (d) mesocosm experiment incorporating two different nutrient addition treatments [Nitrate and Phosphate (NPc) and Nitrate, Phosphate and Silicate (NPSc)] as well as a control. This approach allowed us to discriminate the changes in species composition across a broad range of phylogenetic groups using a common taxonomic level. Diatoms dominated the bloom in the NPSc treatment while dinoflagellates were the dominant phytoplankton in the control and NPc treatment. Network correlations highlighted significant interactions between OTUs within each treatment including changes in the composition of Paraphysomonas OTUs when the dominant Chaetoceros OTU switched. The microzooplankton community composition responded to changes in the phytoplankton composition while the prokaryotic community responded more to changes in ammonia concentration.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial and protist community changes during a phytoplankton bloom

et al. 2015

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] Traditionally most chemical parameters are measured by sampling: water is collected at known locations and times, preserved and then transported to a laboratory for analysis using standard methods such as colorimetry, fluorescence or atomic absorption spectroscopy. [6] In situ analytical devices operate differently. By analysing the water in the environment the risk of sample degradation or contamination is obviated and sample preservation and transportation logistics are removed -allowing higher measurement frequency and uninterrupted continuous measurement in remote locations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in microfluidic systems for in situ chemical analysis of natural waters

Nightingale

Beaton

Mowlem

2015

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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Spatially and temporally detailed measurement of ocean, river and lake chemistry is key to fully understanding the biogeochemical processes at work within them. To obtain these valuable data, miniaturised in situ chemical analysers have recently become an attractive alternative to traditional manual sampling, with microfluidic technology at the forefront of recent advances. In this short critical review we discuss the role, operation and application of in situ microfluidic analysers to measure biogeochemical parameters in natural waters. We describe recent technical developments, most notably how pumping technology has evolved to allow long-term deployments, and describe how they have been deployed in real-world situations to yield detailed, scientifically useful data. Finally, we discuss the technical challenges that still remain and the key obstacles that must be negotiated if these promising systems are to be widely adopted and used, for example, in large environmental sensor networks and on low-power underwater vehicles.

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Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in Environmental Analysis

Sperling¹

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) is one of the most often used techniques for the quantitative determination of elements in environmental materials at trace and ultratrace levels. AAS is an optical atomic spectrometric technique based on the measurement of the specific absorption originating from free nonionized atoms in the gas phase. To transfer the analyte to free atoms, different types of atomizer are in use, the flame and the graphite furnace types being the most often used. Typical detection limits of flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) are of the order of 1–100 µg L −1 , making it a perfect tool for the determination of minor and trace elements, at least for contaminated samples. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), offering detection limits which are about a factor of 20–200 lower than for FAAS, is the standard method for many trace elements, especially for background values, and for unpolluted samples, such as fresh water and biological materials. AAS in its conventional configuration is a single‐element technique, which has to be used in a sequential mode when more than one element has to be determined. However, there are commercial instruments available that can be used for the determination of 6–8 elements simultaneously.

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Sampling

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Bacterial and protist community changes during a phytoplankton bloom

Bacterial and protist community changes during a phytoplankton bloom

Trends in microfluidic systems for in situ chemical analysis of natural waters

Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in Environmental Analysis

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