“…Several characteristics that may be associated with patient satisfaction including patient expectations, health status, personal, and health system characteristics explicitly demonstrate the complexity of patient satisfaction phenomenon (Hsieh & Kagle, 1991). Patient satisfaction surveys are frequently used as an indicator of quality of health care, whilst their reliability and validity have been somewhat subject to debate by earlier research (Scott & Smith, 1994;Williams, 1994;Avis et al, 1997;McKinley et al, 1997;Sitzia, 1999;Staniszewska & Ahmad, 1999;Dufrene, 2000;Grogan et al, 2000;Sun et al, 2001;Levin, 2005;Gill & White, 2009;Mpinga & Chastonay, 2011). In general, some criticisms against patient satisfaction surveys may arise as they uncover widespread and general dissatisfaction and the responses may be ill-considered (Demir & Celik, 2002;Fitzpatric, 1991).…”