Schistosomicidal Evaluation of Zanthoxylum naranjillo and its Isolated Compounds against Schistosoma mansoni Adult Worms

Abstract

Chemical investigation of the EtOAc fraction (EF) obtained from the ethanolic extract of Zanthoxylum naranjillo (Rutaceae) leaves (EE) by preparative HPLC resulted in the isolation of protocatechuic acid (1), gallic acid (2), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (3), and 5-Ocaffeoylshikimic acid (4). This is the fi rst time that the presence of compounds 1 -4 in Z. naranjillo has been reported. Compounds 1 -4, the EE, and EF were tested in vitro against Schistosoma mansoni adult worms. The results showed that the S. mansoni daily egg production decreased by 29.8%, 13.5%, 28.4%, 17.7%, 16.3%, and 6.4%, respectively. Compounds 1 and 3 were also able to separate adult worm pairs into male and female. This activity may be correlated with the reduction in egg production, since 1 and 3 showed better inhibitory properties compared with 2 and 4.

Potent Schistosomicidal Constituents from Garcinia brasiliensis

“…Recently, the development of new drugs from medicinal plants for the treatment of neglected diseases, including schistosomiasis, has attracted the attention of many scientific research centers around the world. For example, plants of the genus Artemisia [25], extracts of Zanthoxylum naranjillo [26], and crude aqueous extracts of Zingiber officinale [27], among others, have been effective against Schsitosoma mansoni. With this in mind, the present study was devised to evaluate the schistosomicidal potential of EEE and the partition-obtained fractions (HF, EAF, FA) and compounds isolated from the fractions, the benzophenone 7-epi and the bioflavonoid fuk, by means of a bioguided test.…”

Flavonoids and an alkaloid from Zanthoxylum naranjillo and their in vitro evaluation on the reproductive fitness of Schistosoma mansoni

“…Regarding the antischistosomal assay, incubation of S. mansoni coupled adult worms with the n-butanol fraction (BF, 100 µg/ml) did not result in death, decreased motor activity, or extensive tegumental alterations. However, it prompted separation of the coupled worms (25%) at 24 and 120 h. This result indicates improved activity for this fraction as compared to our previously published data (Braguine et al, 2009) on crude ethanolic extract and EtOAc fraction, which were both unable to separate the adult worms. This parameter is important since females are completely dependent upon male contact for growth, feeding, and egg production (Fitzpatrick and Hoffmann, 2006).…”

“…E-mail: pmpauletti@unifran.br. Tel: only protocatechuic and p-hydroxybenzoic acids were able to decrease daily egg production by S. mansoni and to separate adult worm pairs into male and female (Braguine et al, 2009).…”

Evaluation of Cuspidaria pulchra and its Isolated Compounds Against Schistosoma mansoni Adult Worms

“…The mechanism through which p-hydroxybenzene ring derivatives (1 and 3) exert their in vitro effect on S. mansoni worms is not known. Nevertheless, considering their antiparasitic activities, benzoic acid derivatives have been shown to possess antimalarial action, while compound 3 has been demonstrated to have the ability to separate adult S. mansoni worm pairs [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

“…As part of our continuing investigations on the schistosomicidal activity of natural products [16][17][18][19], the present work has evaluated the schistosomicidal activities of the extract, fractions, and compounds isolated from the aerial parts of C. pulchra against Schistosoma mansoni adult worms.…”