Science, Technology and Innovation Policies in Global Open Economies: Reflections from Latin America and the Caribbean

Abstract

Concluye con algunas reflexiones sobre los tipos de medidas que deben tomarse para reforzar las perspectivas futuras de América Latina.

Science, Technology, and Innovation policies in the integration process of Central America and the Dominican Republic: the role of representations and perceptions

“…Although this paper focuses on the relatively small economies of CA and the DR, it is framed in the broader context of Latin American countries science and technology policy. In the Latin American and Caribbean context (LAC), STI policies have been a little complicated, despite recent efforts to increase the global investment in STI and research and development (R&D) in the last decades (Cimoli et al, 2005;Fariza, 2020;Grazzi et al, 2016).…”

“…In the nineties, the structural reforms led to aggressive economic liberalization, deregulation, and privatization, leading to the emergence of two production patterns (Cimoli et al, 2009;Gómez-Valenzuela, 2020). The 'labor-intensive activities' such as tourist services and various types of free zone parks, mainly of textiles in the Central America and Caribbean area, and activities based on natural resources exploitation such as mining and metallurgy, together with a relatively strong industrial sector in the Southern Cone (Cimoli et al, 2005). At the end of the nineties of the twenty century, Alcorta and Peres (1998, p. 877) found evidence of the differentiation production patterns and their effects in terms of technological specialization and innovations performance between Central America and the Caribbean and southern cone countries, reaching the latter a relative higher innovation performance (Bonilla & Serafim, 2021;Viales-Hurtado et al, 2021).…”

“…It moves from the mean model perspective to the end-model policy actions through specific STI policy plans and institutional mechanisms to address the asymmetries in STI capacities of European Union members, covering social and cultural spheres concerning the role of STI in society (Ulnicane, 2015). In the case of Mercosur (Cimoli et al, 2009;Cimoli et al, 2005), the policy focus has been more oriented to the strength of STI policy at the national level than the regional level, despite the recent efforts of STI policy integration centered in the university system (Cassiolato & Lastres, 2000;Perrotta, 2016).…”

Interrelated effects of technological and non-technological innovation on firm performance in EM – A mediation analysis of Peruvian manufacturing firms

“…In EM, in general, and in Latin America, TI and NTI in Peruvian manufacturing firms specifically, firms face a different context from that of firms in developed countries (Juliao-Rossi et al, 2020). The specifics have been described in different studies focused on the low levels of innovation in Latin America (Fernandez, 2017) and include informal economies and the rigidities of the labor market (Heredia et al, 2017), different innovative behavior (Olavarrieta and Villena, 2014), differences between the social and economic structures and educational systems (Bianchi, 2014;Jardon and Pagani, 2016;Nielsen et al, 2018) and low levels of R&D and patent generation (Cimoli et al, 2016). Indeed, for modest innovators in Latin America, R&D investment is not necessarily a predictor of firm performance; rather, NTI accounts for firm performance in this group of innovators.…”

Política orientada por misión: ¿un instrumento viable para las políticas científicas, tecnológicas y de innovación para la Argentina?

“…Esta posición es interesante como objeto de análisis por varias razones. Por un lado, gran parte de sus aseveraciones están asentadas en una cantidad importante de trabajos empíricos (Cimoli, Ferraz y Primi, 2005;Cimoli y Porcile, 2016); en segundo lugar, ha explicado satisfactoriamente fenómenos económicos, sociales y culturales particulares como el surgimiento de los tigres asiáticos y el resurgimiento de Japón, como así también el declive de la Unión Europea (que, entre otras cosas, Revista Redes 53 -ISSN 1851-7072 no ha sabido vincular apropiadamente a los centros de generación del conocimiento con las empresas, ver p.e. Mazzucato, 2014); en tercer lugar, ha aportado argumentos para entender las frustraciones y fracasos latinoamericanos relacionados con las suspensiones de las políticas de consolidación de los sistemas científicostecnológicos estatales durante los gobiernos neoliberales (Cimoli et al 2017).…”