EGF coating of titanium surfaces modulates cytokines in oral mucosal primary cells exposed to TNF‐α

Abstract

Objective This study assessed the metabolism of oral mucosal cells cultured on titanium discs (Ti) coated (or not) with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and exposed to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α). Methods Fibroblasts or keratinocytes were seeded on Ti coated or not with EGF, and then exposed to 100 ng/mL of TNF‐α for 24 h. Groups were established: G1: Ti (control); G2: Ti + TNF‐α; G3: Ti + EGF; and G4: Ti + EGF + TNF‐α. Both cell lines were evaluated for: viability (AlamarBlue®, n = 8); interleukin 6 and 8 (IL‐6, IL‐8) gene expression (qPCR, n = 5), and protein synthesis (ELISA, n = 6). For keratinocytes cells, the matrix metalloproteinase type 3 (MMP‐3) was evaluated by qPCR (n = 5) and ELISA (n = 6). A 3‐D culture of fibroblasts was analyzed by confocal microscopy. The data were subjected to ANOVA analysis, α = 5%. Results Increased cell viability was observed in all groups compared with G1. Enhanced gene expression and synthesis of IL‐6 and IL‐8 by fibroblasts and keratinocytes in G2 and modulation of hIL‐6 gene expression in G4 was noted. Modulation of IL‐8 synthesis occurred in keratinocytes in G3 and G4. Keratinocytes in G2 showed enhanced gene expression of hMMP‐3. A 3‐D culture showed more cells in G3. Fibroblasts in G2 exhibited disrupted cytoplasmic membrane. Cells in G4 showed elongated morphology with intact cytoplasm. Conclusions EGF coating increases cell viability and modulates the response of oral cells exposed to an inflammatory stimulus.