Seafood, fatty acid biosynthesis genes, and multiple sclerosis susceptibility

Langer‐Gould, Annette; Black, Lucinda J; Waubant, Emmanuelle; Smith, Jessica; Wu, Jun; Gonzales, Edlin; Shao, Xiaorong; Koebnick, Corinna; Lucas, Robyn; Xiang, Anny H.; Barcellos, Lisa F.

doi:10.1177/1352458519872652

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…We re-categorised it into three groups: 'never or less than once a month', '1-3 times a month' and 'weekly or more' to allow for comparison with prior analyses. 3 The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki; the protocol was approved by the KPSC Institutional Review Board (IRB: 5962).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…see literature). [1][2][3][4] Although there is little evidence associating early life diet and later MS, childhood and adolescence have been identified as periods of importance for other environmental risk factors such as obesity and low sun exposure/low vitamin D status. 5 In an Iranian study, higher consumption of various foods (fresh fish, canned tuna, poultry, cheese, yoghurt, butter, fruit and vegetables) in adolescence (13-19 years) was associated with reduced likelihood of having MS between 15 and 50 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An exploratory study of diet in childhood and young adulthood and adult-onset multiple sclerosis

et al. 2021

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There is little evidence on the role of diet in childhood/adolescence and multiple sclerosis (MS) in adulthood. The MS Sunshine Study recruited adults with recent-onset MS ( n = 602) and matched controls ( n = 653). Of these, 84% provided dietary recall for specific ages between childhood and young adulthood (6–10, 11–15 and 16–20 years). We used logistic regression to test associations between age-specific diet and case-control status. Consumption of fruit (all ages), yoghurt (all ages) and legumes (11–15 years) was associated with lower probability of adult-onset MS (all p < 0.05). These results suggest that healthy dietary habits between childhood and young adulthood may reduce MS risk.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploratory study of diet in childhood and young adulthood and adult-onset multiple sclerosis

et al. 2021

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“…In Multiple Sclerosis, an inflammatory and demyelinating disease, blood levels of EPA and DHA might be lower than in healthy controls [ 98 ]. Low dietary intake of omega-3’s may be an important risk factor for Multiple Sclerosis [ 99 ]. Meta-analyses of intervention trials did not find consistent results, with a neutral Cochrane meta-analysis, e.g., [ 100 , 101 ].…”

Section: Brain Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of EPA and DHA Blood Levels in Brain Structure and Function

Schacky¹

2021

Nutrients

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Brain structure and function depend on a constant and sufficient supply with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by blood. Blood levels of EPA and DHA reflect dietary intake and other variables and are preferably assessed as percentage in erythrocytes with a well-documented and standardized analytical method (HS-Omega-3 Index®). Every human being has an Omega-3 Index between 2 and 20%, with an optimum of 8–11%. Compared to an optimal Omega-3 Index, a lower Omega-3 Index was associated with increased risk for total mortality and ischemic stroke, reduced brain volume, impaired cognition, accelerated progression to dementia, psychiatric diseases, compromises of complex brain functions, and other brain issues in epidemiologic studies. Most intervention trials, and their meta-analyses considered EPA and DHA as drugs with good bioavailability, a design tending to produce meaningful results in populations characterized by low baseline blood levels (e.g., in major depression), but otherwise responsible for many neutral results and substantial confusion. When trial results were evaluated using blood levels of EPA and DHA measured, effects were larger than comparing EPA and DHA to placebo groups, and paralleled epidemiologic findings. This indicates future trial design, and suggests a targeted use EPA and DHA, based on the Omega-3 Index.

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“…Considering the limitation of EAE rodent models, the investigation into therapeutic PUFAs is still waiting for more standardized attempts and should emphasize the value of clinical translation. Although the therapeutic efficacy of PUFAs for MS patients is still not definitive, FAs dietary intake pattern is clearly related to MS/CIS incidence risk [46,113,178,179], which provides a proof-of-concept for the significance of metabolic memory over autoimmune diseases. It is worth noting that due to the presence of an asymptomatic preclinical stage among MS patients [4], Compared with the uncertainty regarding the therapeutic effect of PUFAs, the application value of SCFAs in MS treatment is of promising prospect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, FA metabolism-related genes and proteins are proved to be associated with MS incidence and prognosis. Fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs174611 and rs174618 are both independent protective factors of MS incidence [46], and a higher level of serum fatty acid-binding protein (FABP4) associates with more severe symptoms evaluated by EDSS score [47]. A novel FABP5/7 inhibitor MF6 is proved to attenuate CNS demyelination in MS animal models by modulating inflammatory cytokines production of astrocytes and microglia, thus supporting oligodendrocytes survival by mitigating mitochondria oxidative stress [48].…”

Section: Intimate Relationship Between Fas and Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acids role in multiple sclerosis as “metabokines”

Bai

Hao

et al. 2022

J Neuroinflammation

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Multiple sclerosis (MS), as an autoimmune neurological disease with both genetic and environmental contribution, still lacks effective treatment options among progressive patients, highlighting the need to re-evaluate disease innate properties in search for novel therapeutic targets. Fatty acids (FA) and MS bear an interesting intimate connection. FA and FA metabolism are highly associated with autoimmunity, as the diet-derived circulatory and tissue-resident FAs level and composition can modulate immune cells polarization, differentiation and function, suggesting their broad regulatory role as “metabokines”. In addition, FAs are indeed protective factors for blood–brain barrier integrity, crucial contributors of central nervous system (CNS) chronic inflammation and progressive degeneration, as well as important materials for remyelination. The remaining area of ambiguity requires further exploration into this arena to validate the existed phenomenon, develop novel therapies, and confirm the safety and efficacy of therapeutic intervention targeting FA metabolism.

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Seafood, fatty acid biosynthesis genes, and multiple sclerosis susceptibility

Cited by 22 publications

References 35 publications

An exploratory study of diet in childhood and young adulthood and adult-onset multiple sclerosis

An exploratory study of diet in childhood and young adulthood and adult-onset multiple sclerosis

Importance of EPA and DHA Blood Levels in Brain Structure and Function

Fatty acids role in multiple sclerosis as “metabokines”

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