Seasonal occurrence, removal, mass loading and environmental risk assessment of 55 pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Central Greece

Papageorgiou, Myrsini; Kosma, Christina I.; Lambropoulou, Dimitra A.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.047

Cited by 427 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Pharmaceutical input, removal efficiencies, and seasonal variation of PPCPs in conventional wastewater treatment systems is increasingly well documented (such as Yu et al (2013); Fairbairn et al (2016); Papageorgiou et al (2016). However, information on seasonal PPCP occurrence in forest water reuse systems (open-air reservoirs, soils, groundwater, and surface waters) is limited but needed to evaluate the water regulating services provided by these green infrastructure systems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The targeted analytes were selected due to their ubiquity in wastewater (Kolpin et al, 2002; Papageorgiou et al, 2016; Sun et al, 2016) and high usage in the USA (Kolpin et al, 2002). All soil and water sample extracts were analyzed in the same manner (McEachran et al, 2016).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the environmental input of PPCPs has been documented from many sources (i.e. animal waste, landfill leachate, etc), municipal wastewater release to surface waters represents the largest source as most wastewater treatment technologies do not completely remove them prior to discharge to surface water bodies (Metcalfe et al, 2010; Papageorgiou et al, 2016; Ternes et al, 2004). Various studies have reported concentrations of PPCPs in surface waters (de Jongh et al, 2012) and groundwaters (Meffe and de Bustamante, 2014) at levels far below acceptable daily intake doses for humans, but human health risks may exist when pharmaceuticals remain in water sources through drinking water intake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmaceuticals in a temperate forest-water reuse system

McEachran

Shea

Nichols

2017

Science of The Total Environment

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Forest-water reuse systems infiltrate municipal, industrial, and agricultural wastewaters through forest soils to shallow aquifers that ultimately discharge to surface waters. Their ability to mitigate regulated nutrients, metals, and organic chemicals is well known, but the fate of non-regulated chemicals in these systems is largely unstudied. This study quantified 33 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in soils, groundwaters, and surface waters in a 2000-hectare forest that receives ~1200 mm/year of secondary-treated, municipal wastewater in addition to natural rainfall (~1300 mm/year). This forest-water reuse system does contribute PPCPs to soils, groundwater, and surface waters. PPCPs were more abundant in soils versus underlying groundwater by an order of magnitude (5–10 ng/g summed PPCPs in soil and 50–100 ng/L in groundwater) and the more hydrophobic chemicals were predominant in soil over water. PPCP concentrations in surface waters were greater at the onset of significant storm events and during low-rainfall periods when total summed PPCPs were >80 ng/L, higher than the annual average. With few exceptions, the margins of exposure for PPCPs in groundwater and surface waters were several orders of magnitude above values indicative of human health risk.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmaceuticals in a temperate forest-water reuse system

McEachran

Shea

Nichols

2017

Science of The Total Environment

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“…High concentration of acetaminophen can be explained by its widespread use as an effective painkiller in Malaysia. Acetaminophen (commercially known as paracetamol) and aspirin are the most popular analgesics, available over the counter medication and no prescription is needed upon purchased (Al-Odaini et al, 2013;Papageorgiou et al, 2016). Caffeine was present in all influent samples as it is used in beverages and food as a stimulant.…”

Section: Analysis Of Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Analysis of Six Pharmaceuticals using Online Solid Phase Extraction Liquid Chromatography

Subari¹,

Osman²,

Saim³

2017

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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In this study, three parameters (sample volume, cleanup and elution step) in large volume injection online Solid Phase Extraction Liquid Chromatography with diode array detection (SPE-LC) were optimized for the determination of six pharmaceuticals in wastewater samples. Preconcentration and separation were carried out using 2 columns, Dionex Ion Pac AG14A and Acclaim Polar Advantage II. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed for the optimization of cleanup step (mobile phase composition and valve switching time). The optimum conditions obtained were as follows: Sample volume of 10.0 mL and cleanup with acetonitrile and ultrapure water (5:95) for 1.0 min. The method showed good recovery (82.91-107.7%), precision (0.35-8.26%) and linearity (R 2 >0.99). The limit of detection was between 3.5 and 11.7 µg L −1 . The proposed method is rapid, simple and sensitive for trace analysis of pharmaceuticals in water samples.

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“…AMX, on the other hand, is a broad spectrum antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms [5]. Due to their low biodegradability, they are incompletely removed in conventional wastewater treatment plants, thereby, posing a high risk of contamination into the receiving water bodies [6][7][8]. A maximum concentration of 1.2 µg/L of DCF was detected by Ternes [9] in German Rivers receiving sewage effluents, and 290 ng/L was measured in the groundwater of Barcelona, Spain [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Wastewater by Intermittent Electrocoagulation

Ensano

Borea

Naddeo

et al. 2017

Water

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Abstract:The continuous release of emerging contaminants (ECs) in the aquatic environment, as a result of the inadequate removal by conventional treatment methods, has prompted research to explore viable solutions to this rising global problem. One promising alternative is the use of electrochemical processes since they represent a simple and highly efficient technology with less footprint. In this paper, the feasibility of treating ECs (i.e., pharmaceuticals) using an intermittent electrocoagulation process, a known electrochemical technology, has been investigated. Diclofenac (DCF), carbamazepine (CBZ) and amoxicillin (AMX) were chosen as being representative of highly consumed drugs that are frequently detected in our water resources and were added in synthetic municipal wastewater. The removal efficiencies of both individual and combined pharmaceuticals were determined under different experimental conditions: hydraulic retention time (HRT) (6, 19 and 38 h), initial concentration (0.01, 4 and 10 mg/L) and intermittent application (5 min ON/20 min OFF) of current density (0.5, 1.15 and 1.8 mA/cm 2 ). Results have shown that these parameters have significant effects on pharmaceutical degradation. Maximum removals (DCF = 90%, CBZ = 70% and AMX = 77%) were obtained at a current density of 0.5 mA/cm 2 , an initial concentration of 10 mg/L and HRT of 38 h.

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Seasonal occurrence, removal, mass loading and environmental risk assessment of 55 pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Central Greece

Cited by 427 publications

References 105 publications

Pharmaceuticals in a temperate forest-water reuse system

Pharmaceuticals in a temperate forest-water reuse system

Direct Analysis of Six Pharmaceuticals using Online Solid Phase Extraction Liquid Chromatography

Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Wastewater by Intermittent Electrocoagulation

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