Seasonal variation in the content of sennoside in Senna leaves

Lohar, D.; Bhatia, R. K.; Garg, S. P.; Chawan, D. D.

doi:10.1007/bf02293184

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Furthermore, deflowered plants partitioned more dry mass into the leaves than the flowering plants as shown by a 22% greater HI (Table 1). Lohar et al (1979) reported that the leaf sennoside concentration decreased with the onset of flowering and fruiting. On the contrary, Pareek et al (1983) observed that the removal of flowers and flower buds between 45 and 60 d after sowing resulted in slightly decreased sennoside concentration in leaves.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substantial literature is available on the methods of extraction and quantification of sennosides (Atzorn et al, 1981;Muffat et al, 1986;Stuppner and Sturm, 1996). However, cultural practices that might increase sennoside yields have not been adequately investigated, and contradictory results on the effect of manual deflowering on sennoside concentration have been reported (Lohar et al, 1979;Pareek et al, 1983). We previously reported the effects of drought, foliar nitrogen application, and crop type on leaf sennoside concentration, and on were planted per hill at a depth of 2 cm and a spacing of 40 × 40 cm, and the plants were thinned to two per hill.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sennoside Yields in Tinnevelly Senna Affected by Deflowering and Leaf Maturity

Ratnayaka¹,

Meurer-Grimes²,

Kincaid³

2002

HortSci

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Manual deflowering and leaf maturity were evaluated for effect on the yields of the bioactive sennosides A and B in Tinnevelly senna (Cassia angustifolia Vahl). Deflowering increased sennoside A and B concentration (percent dry weight) in leaves by 25%, the total leaf dry mass by 63%, and the harvest index by 22%, with the result that the sennoside A and B yield (grams) per plant doubled in response to deflowering. During the same time, net photosynthesis remained consistently lower in the deflowered plants. Youngest leaves had the greatest sennoside A and B concentration. A clone raised from cuttings of one seedling had lower sennoside A:B ratio than the plants raised from the seedlings. Although crop type and possibly environmental conditions influenced the sennoside A:B ratio, deflowering and leaf maturity had no effect. The sennoside A and B concentrations in the dried leaves of deflowered plants harvested in 1.5-hour intervals appeared to increase during the course of the day. Deflowering, harvesting of young leaves, and harvesting time of day constitute promising component technologies for field investigations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sennoside Yields in Tinnevelly Senna Affected by Deflowering and Leaf Maturity

Ratnayaka¹,

Meurer-Grimes²,

Kincaid³

2002

HortSci

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“…Maximum content of essential oil in subterranean parts of Valeriana officinalis L. Valerianaceae, a perennial ornamental plant used in landscape borders, were reported in September whereas valeric acid and its derivatives and valpotriates reached their maximum concentration in February and March (Bos et al, 1998). According to Lohar et al (1979), newly sprouted leaves contained a very high percentage of sennosides in Cassia acutifolia Del. Leguminosae and C. angustifolia Vahl., two woody ornamental plants used as landscape shrubs, whereas a decline occurred with the onset of flowering and fruiting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Podophyllotoxin Content in Leaves of Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus Virginiana)

Maqbool¹,

Cushman²,

Gerard³

et al. 2004

Acta Hortic.

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Eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana L. Cupressaceae) occurs naturally throughout eastern North America and has been identified as a source of podophyllotoxin. Podophyllotoxin is used to manufacture drugs for treatment of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, genital warts, psoriasis, and multiple sclerosis. Leaf material was collected from Juniperus plants located in northern Mississippi once a month from April 2001 to March 2002. The objective of the survey was to examine variations in podophyllotoxin content due to sampling date and plant type. Samples of 100 g of fresh leaf tissue were collected from juvenile, immature, mature male, and mature female plants and then dried, ground, extracted in chloroform, and analyzed with HPLC to measure podophyllotoxin content. Leaf tissue was harvested from the same immature and mature plants each sampling date. Average podophyllotoxin content of juvenile plants was 0.60 mg•g-1 compared to approximately 1.45 mg•g-1 in immature and mature plant types. Reproductive status, male or female, did not affect podophyllotoxin content. Sampling date significantly affected podophyllotoxin content. Plants harvested in January and April exhibited the greatest podophyllotoxin content (1.56 and 1.45 mg•g-1 , respectively) and plants harvested in February and June exhibited the lowest content (1.06 and 1.08 mg•g-1 , respectively). Though differences due to sampling date were statistically significant, there appeared to be no obvious pattern or trend. There was no significant interaction between plant type and sampling date. These results indicate that juvenile leaf tissue should be avoided due to its lower podophyllotoxin content compared to that of mature leaf tissue. These results also indicate that podophyllotoxin content of Eastern red cedar can vary as much as 50 % over time, ranging from a low of 1.06 to a high of 1.56 mg•g-1 .

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