Seawater-softening process through formation of calcite ooids

Bakr, A.A.; Makled, Walid A.; Kamel, Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.ejpe.2015.02.002

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Calcite is the most common form of insoluble CaCO 3 [18]. The oxygen reduction reaction additionally leads to calcite scaling in the presence of Ca 2+ and HCO 3 ions in the same medium according to Eq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcined Petroleum Scale- CaO a Cost-Effective Catalyst for Used Cooking Oil Methanolysis

2019

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T HE OBJECTIVE of the research aim to study biodiesel production from used cooking oil using calcium oxide derived from petroleum scale (PS) as catalyst in transesterification process. Calcium oxide based catalyst was obtained by calcinations of petroleum scale at 850ºC for 4 h. Calcined Petroleum scale catalyst (CPS-CaO) was characterized by different techniques such as: XRD, EDAX, N2-Adsorption /desorption and basic strength by Hammett method. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimizing transesterification process depending on Independent variables, i.e. methanol to oil molar ratio (M:O), catalyst concentration and reaction time. The Optimal parametric values lead to maximum biodiesel yield (~97%) were obtained at Methanol:Oil molar ratio of 12:1; catalyst loading of 2.0 %w/v and reaction time of 2 h at constant temperature 65 o C. The results of this study showed a high performance, and the proposed experiment could be used as a new and innovative way to produce biodiesel in the future using costeffective heterogeneous catalyst based on petroleum scale as a waste materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcined Petroleum Scale- CaO a Cost-Effective Catalyst for Used Cooking Oil Methanolysis

2019

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“…Adaptable to all capacities, reverse osmosis is the most widespread desalination process and well-suited when local energy source is not available [3]. Recently, the fabricated calcite ooid grains [4] as new pretreatment filtration media of seawater desalination plants instead of conventional media were used to removing and restraining turbidity, suspending solids, iron and total organic carbons to maintaining RO membrane of seawater desalination plants from fouling [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption modes of natural organic matters on fabricated calcite ooids surfaces using molecular dynamic simulations study

Bakr

Zakaria

2019

Egypt. J. Chem.

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O NE of the major challenges in seawater reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants is the feed water quality which causing a significant RO membrane fouling. Natural organic matter (NOM) is mainly consisting of humic substances (HSs) which derived from natural degradation of some organic substances within the ecological systems and from human activities and vastly meet fouling species in natural water resources. The significant reduction (63.4%) of total organic compounds (TOC) on surface of calcite ooid grains after 3 hrs. has been studied. According to the molecular dynamic simulations (MDS), the interaction between different main molecular building blocks forming HSs and CaCO 3 crystal of fabricated calcite ooids surfaces was accomplished to interpret the action of its adsorption modes.

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