Secondary metabolites of sevenHypericumspecies growing in Turkey

Abstract

Context The genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae) has attracted remarkable scientific interest as its members have yielded many bioactive compounds. Objective The current study presents investigations on the accumulation of hypericin, pseudohypericin, hyperforin, adhyperforin, chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 13,118-biapigenin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, quercitrin, quercetin, avicularin, rutin, (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin in seven Hypericum (Hypericaceae) species growing wild in Turkey, namely, H. aviculariifolium Jaup. and Spach subsp. aviculariifolium (Freyn and Bornm.) Robson var. albiflorum (endemic), H. bithynicum Boiss., H. calycinum L., H. cardiophyllum Boiss., H. elongatum L. subsp. microcalycinum (Boiss. and Heldr.) Robson, H. hirsutum L. and H. xylosteifolium (Spach) N. Robson. Materials and methods The plant materials were collected at flowering period and dissected in different tissues. Air-dried plant material including stems, leaves and flowers was mechanically powdered with a laboratory mill and samples (0.1 g) were extracted in 10 mL of 100% methanol by ultrasonication at 40 °C for 30 min for HPLC-PDA analyses. Results Accumulation levels of the investigated compounds varied greatly depending on species and plant part. Discussion For the first time, the detailed chemical profiles of corresponding Turkish Hypericum species were reported and the results were discussed from a phytochemical point of view. Conclusions The present data have importance in evaluation of plant resources of Hypericum genus in selecting the new potential sources of bioactive compounds.

Factors affecting the variation of bioactive compounds inHypericumspecies

“…Despite numerous studies and publications, Hypericum species are of high-priority research due to the increasing pharmacological significance and commercial value of Hyperici herba, officially obtained from H. perforatum (Stojanovic et al, 2013). Thus, a number of Hypericum species from different countries of the world, such as Brazil (França et al, 2013), Greece (Mathioudaki et al, 2018), Italy (Mandrone et al, 2017), Tunisia (Hosni et al, 2017), Serbia, Montenegro (Zdunic et al, 2017), Portugal (Nogueira et al, 2008), Lithuania (Bagdonaite et al, 2010), Jordan (AI-Rifaee et al, 2010), Iran (Pirbalouti et al, 2014), Peru (Ccana-Ccapatinta et al, 2014, and Turkey (Cirak et al, 2016a(Cirak et al, , 2016b(Cirak et al, , 2017a(Cirak et al, , 2017b have been investigated in respect to the presence of chemical ingredients that give health benefits.…”

The effects of salt and drought stress on phenolic accumulation in greenhouse-grown Hypericum pruinatum

“…The following binary gradient elution program was used: 0-1 min (B 5→5%), 1-14 min (B 5→20%), 14-20 min (B 20→80%), 20-30 min (B 80→100%), 30-39 min (B 100→100%), 39-39.5 min (B 100→5%), 39.5 -45 min (B 5-5%). The mobile phase was delivered with a flow rate of 1.0 mL min -1 ; volume of extract injected was 10 µL (Cirak et al, 2016). Detection was performed at 210-790 nm wavelength range with a constant column temperature at 40 o C. The eluted compounds were identified on the basis of their retention time by comparison with retention time of reference standards and also confirmed with UV spectra's of reference standards in the wavelength range from 210 to 790 nm.…”

An investigation on the in vitro wound healing activity and phytochemical composition of Hypericum pseudolaeve Robson growing in Turkey

“…20,21 In the present study, it was found that the considerable amount of the phenolic compounds in H. pseudolaeve consisted of the flavonoids, corroborating the previous reports on other Hypericum species. [22][23][24][25][26] Wound healing and anti-depressant activities of the members of this genus have been associated with phenolic compounds such as hyperoside and epicatechin in some of the previous studies. 11,27 Therefore, phenolic content is important for the biological activies of Hypericum sp.…”