Secondary organic aerosol importance in the future atmosphere

Tsigaridis, Kostas; Kanakidou, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.03.045

Cited by 231 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Sulfate concentrations increase with temperature (Aw and Kleeman, 2003;Dawson et al, 2007b;Kleeman, 2007), due to faster SO 2 oxidation (higher rate constants and higher oxidant concentrations). In contrast, nitrate and organic semi-volatile components shift from the particle phase to the gas phase with increasing temperature (Sheehan and Bowman, 2001;Tsigaridis and Kanakidou, 2007). Model sensitivity studies indicate large decreases of nitrate PM with increasing temperature, dominating the overall effect on PM concentrations in regions where nitrate is a relatively large component (Dawson et al, 2007b;Kleeman, 2007).…”

Section: Particulate Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of climate change on air quality

Jacob

Winner

2009

Atmospheric Environment

1,608

1,232

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a b s t r a c tAir quality is strongly dependent on weather and is therefore sensitive to climate change. Recent studies have provided estimates of this climate effect through correlations of air quality with meteorological variables, perturbation analyses in chemical transport models (CTMs), and CTM simulations driven by general circulation model (GCM) simulations of 21st-century climate change. We review these different approaches and their results. The future climate is expected to be more stagnant, due to a weaker global circulation and a decreasing frequency of mid-latitude cyclones. The observed correlation between surface ozone and temperature in polluted regions points to a detrimental effect of warming. Coupled GCM-CTM studies find that climate change alone will increase summertime surface ozone in polluted regions by 1-10 ppb over the coming decades, with the largest effects in urban areas and during pollution episodes. This climate penalty means that stronger emission controls will be needed to meet a given air quality standard. Higher water vapor in the future climate is expected to decrease the ozone background, so that pollution and background ozone have opposite sensitivities to climate change. The effect of climate change on particulate matter (PM) is more complicated and uncertain than for ozone. Precipitation frequency and mixing depth are important driving factors but projections for these variables are often unreliable. GCM-CTM studies find that climate change will affect PM concentrations in polluted environments by AE0.1-1 mg m À3 over the coming decades. Wildfires fueled by climate change could become an increasingly important PM source. Major issues that should be addressed in future research include the ability of GCMs to simulate regional air pollution meteorology and its sensitivity to climate change, the response of natural emissions to climate change, and the atmospheric chemistry of isoprene. Research needs to be undertaken on the effect of climate change on mercury, particularly in view of the potential for a large increase in mercury soil emissions driven by increased respiration in boreal ecosystems.

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Section: Particulate Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of climate change on air quality

Jacob

Winner

2009

Atmospheric Environment

1,608

1,232

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“…AHs are also most important anthropogenic precursors of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Although estimated SOA from biogenic sources substantially exceeds that from anthropogenic sources on the global scale [18,19], AHs have been identified as dominant SOA precursors in some highly industrialized and densely populated regions, like the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region ( Fig. 1) in south China [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source attributions of hazardous aromatic hydrocarbons in urban, suburban and rural areas in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region

Zhang

Wang

Barletta

et al. 2013

Journal of Hazardous Materials

137

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h i g h l i g h t sWe measured aromatic hydrocarbons at four contrasting sites in the PRD region. Diagnostic ratios were used to imply sources of aromatic hydrocarbons. Sources of aromatic hydrocarbons were apportioned by PMF receptor model. Solvent use, vehicle exhaust and biomass burning contributed over 89% AHs. Biomass burning contributed to AHs, particularly for Benzene in the rural. t r a c tAromatic hydrocarbons (AHs) are both hazardous air pollutants and important precursors to ozone and secondary organic aerosols. Here we investigated 14 C 6 -C 9 AHs at one urban, one suburban and two rural sites in the Pearl River Delta region during November-December 2009. The ratios of individual aromatics to acetylene were compared among these contrasting sites to indicate their difference in source contributions from solvent use and vehicle emissions. Ratios of toluene to benzene (T/B) in urban (1.8) and suburban (1.6) were near that of vehicle emissions. Higher T/B of 2.5 at the rural site downwind the industry zones reflected substantial contribution of solvent use while T/B of 0.8 at the upwind rural site reflected the impact of biomass burning. Source apportionment by positive matrix factorization (PMF) revealed that solvent use, vehicle exhaust and biomass burning altogether accounted for 89-94% of observed AHs. Vehicle exhaust was the major source for benzene with a share of 43-70% and biomass burning in particular contributed 30% to benzene in the upwind rural site; toluene, C 8 -aromatics and C 9 -aromatics, however, were mainly from solvent use, with contribution percentages of 47-59%, 52-59% and 41-64%, respectively.

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“…SOA are estimated to increase substantially in response to enhanced future BVOC emissions, responding to warmer temperature. The BVOC effect on SOA can be 3-to 7-fold relative to results that ignore the climate-BVOC interactions (Liao et al, 2006;Tsigaridis and Kanakidou, 2007;Heald et al, 2008) and simulations indicate biogenic SOA to become one of the dominant aerosols over the 21st century (Tsigaridis and Kanakidou, 2007) in some regions. Figure 3 shows the simulated concentrations of surface SOA (Heald et al, 2008) sourced from BVOCs.…”

Section: Biological Emission Of Reactive Carbon and Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low volatility oxidation products of BVOC condense on stable atmospheric clusters and contribute to the growth of secondary organic Heald et al, 2008). This figure is available in colour online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/joc aerosol (SOA) (Tsigaridis and Kanakidou, 2007;Heald et al, 2008). A number of controlled chamber experiments have demonstrated considerable aerosol yield from monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes (Hoffmann et al, 1997;Bonn and Moortgat, 2003;Lee et al, 2006) and isoprene is also an aerosol source (Claeys et al, 2004).…”

Section: Biological Emission Of Reactive Carbon and Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unknown totals and geographic patterns are consistently listed amongst chief uncertainties in simulations of future tropospheric O 3 or SOA levels, and associated radiative forcing (Stevenson et al, 2006;Liao et al, 2006;Shindell et al, 2006;Tsigaridis and Kanakidou, 2007). An increasing number of field observations point also to as yet incompletely understood atmospheric oxidation pathways involved in the chemical destruction of VOCs (Lelieveld et al, 2008;Li et al, 2008).…”

Section: Biological Emission Of Reactive Carbon and Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regionalizing global climate models

Pitman

Arneth

Ganzeveld

2011

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Global climate models simulate the Earth's climate impressively at scales of continents and greater. At these scales, large-scale dynamics and physics largely define the climate. At spatial scales relevant to policy makers, and to impacts and adaptation, many other processes may affect regional and local climate and perhaps trigger teleconnections that provide significant feedbacks on the global climate. These processes include fire, irrigation, land cover change (including crops and urban landscapes), and the emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds by vegetation. Many of these interact within the atmosphere via dynamical, physical, and chemical mechanisms that lead to boundary-layer feedbacks. It is unlikely that any of these processes have a significant global-scale impact on the Earth's climate in the sense that the amount of warming due to a doubling of well mixed greenhouse gases would change if these processes were explicitly represented in climate models. These phenomena are usually local in space (e.g. urban) or in time (e.g. fire) and probably do not provide the on-going and sustained forcing to affect the global climate. However, for most impacts and adaptation research it is the regional and local climate that defines climate risk. At these scales, processes missing in climate models can have a substantially larger local-scale impact than the additional radiative forcing due to increasing greenhouse gases. Thus, while climate models are well designed for global and continental scales they exclude a suite of important processes that are locally and/or regionally important. We review these missing processes and highlight the research required to resolve the representation of these regional-scale processes in climate models. We also discuss the experimental methodology required to rigorously determine whether these processes are restricted to a local or regional-scale role or whether they do trigger robust teleconnections that would demonstrate global-scale significance.

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Secondary organic aerosol importance in the future atmosphere

Cited by 231 publications

References 37 publications

Effect of climate change on air quality

Effect of climate change on air quality

Source attributions of hazardous aromatic hydrocarbons in urban, suburban and rural areas in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region

Regionalizing global climate models

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