Securing the Power Grid: Protecting Smart Grids and Connected Power Systems from Cyberattacks

Bindra, Ashok

doi:10.1109/mpel.2017.2719201

Cited by 51 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…5) Cyber-Security: GDS encompasses exchange of information across multiple RIs over the Internet. Secure transmission of information is crucial due to two reasons: (i) the information being exchanged or the experiments being undertaken can be sensitive in nature (commercially or otherwise) and (ii) this information can be driving hardware equipment that can be susceptible to false data injection as in [45], [46]. Although a minimum/maximum range protection at each participating equipment is locally implemented within each RI, manipulation of data can still risk abnormal behaviour.…”

Section: Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Coupling of Geographically Distributed Research Infrastructures: Taxonomy, Overview, and Real-World Smart Grid Applications

Syed

Guillo-Sansano

Wang

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Smart Grid

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Novel concepts enabling a resilient future power system and their subsequent experimental evaluation are experiencing a steadily growing challenge: large scale complexity and questionable scalability. The requirements on a research infrastructure (RI) to cope with the trends of such a dynamic system therefore grow in size, diversity and costs, making the feasibility of rigorous advancements questionable by a single RI. Analysis of large scale system complexity has been made possible by the real-time coupling of geographically separated RIs undertaking geographically distributed simulations (GDS), the concept of which brings the equipment, models and expertise of independent RIs, in combination, to optimally address the challenge. This paper presents the outputs of IEEE PES Task Force on Interfacing Techniques for Simulation Tools towards standardization of GDS as a concept. First, the taxonomy for setups utilized for GDS is established followed by a comprehensive overview of the advancements in real-time couplings reported in literature. The overview encompasses fundamental technological design considerations for GDS. The paper further presents four application oriented case studies (real-world implementations) where GDS setups have been utilized, demonstrating their practicality and potential in enabling the analysis of future complex power systems. Rob Hovsapian received the M.S. degree in controls and the Ph.D. degree in energy systems from the

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Section: Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Coupling of Geographically Distributed Research Infrastructures: Taxonomy, Overview, and Real-World Smart Grid Applications

Syed

Guillo-Sansano

Wang

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Smart Grid

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“…For example, power supply manufacturer CUI, which uses digital software (called software-defined power) to manage and optimize power delivery intelligently, has started several steps to safeguard its software [6]. Meanwhile, softwaredefined networking (SDN) technologies emergence provides opportunities to improve the security of microgrid operations by offering global visibility, direct controllability, and programmability [1,6,134]. Although researchers have paid attention to this topic in the past few years, more investigation is necessary for this field.…”

Section: Software-related Techniques and Cyber-attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ukraine blackout in 2016 were all wake-up calls [5]. Based on the study, a blackout across 15 U.S. states would affect 93 million people, which cost between 243 billion and 1 trillion dollars [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyber-Security of Smart Microgrids: A Survey

Nejabatkhah¹,

Liang

et al. 2020

Energies

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In this paper, the cyber-security of smart microgrids is thoroughly discussed. In smart grids, the cyber system and physical process are tightly coupled. Due to the cyber system’s vulnerabilities, any cyber incidents can have economic and physical impacts on their operations. In power electronics-intensive smart microgrids, cyber-attacks can have much more harmful and devastating effects on their operation and stability due to low inertia, especially in islanded operation. In this paper, the cyber–physical systems in smart microgrids are briefly studied. Then, the cyber-attacks on data availability, integrity, and confidentiality are discussed. Since a false data injection (FDI) attack that compromises the data integrity in the cyber/communication network is one of the most challenging threats for smart microgrids, it is investigated in detail in this paper. Such FDI attacks can target state estimation, voltage and frequency control, and smart microgrids’ protection systems. The economic and physical/technical impacts of the FDI attacks on smart microgrids are also reviewed in this paper. The defensive strategies against FDI attacks are classified into protection strategies, in which selected meter measurements are protected, and detection/mitigation strategies, based on either static or dynamic detection. In this paper, implementation examples of FDI attacks’ construction and detection/mitigation in smart microgrids are provided. Samples of recent cyber-security projects in the world, and critical cyber-security standards of smart grids, are presented. Finally, future trends of cyber-security in smart microgrids are discussed.

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“…Then the modified instructions may cause the grid frequency to deviate from the allowable boundary rapidly 18 . Especially, after some famous accidents such as hacking attacks in Ukraine power system 19 and South Australia blackout event, 20 ensuring safe and stable operation of power system under physical faults and cyber attacks has become a consensus in no matter academic or industrial fields. In other words, the LFC system should always guarantee the frequency deviation damping ability for the load disturbances no matter the power system running in normal or faulty scenarios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active fault‐tolerant control for load frequency control in multi‐area power systems with physical faults and cyber attacks

Yang

Zi-hui

2021

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Summary Load frequency control (LFC) is an effective method to maintain frequency stability in power systems. With the large‐scale application of wide‐area measurement system (WAMS), impacts of unexpected physical faults and malicious cyber attacks on the frequency deviation damping performance of LFC systems cannot be ignored anymore. Different from the traditional robust‐based design methods, which assume that the operating parameters vary within a small range, physical and cyber failures may cause the significant structural or parametric changes in LFC system. Hence, a system parameter‐free active fault‐tolerant control (AFTC) strategy for LFC is proposed. First, a bank containing a series of controllers is predesigned to stabilize all the possible operation scenarios. Second, a zero trial‐and‐error selection scheme, which does not depend on prior system parameters is well‐designed to select the most matching controller. To enhance the fault‐tolerant ability in case of unmodeled faulty situations, an expansion scheme without any prior faulty information is proposed. Finally, simulation results of a three‐area‐interconnected power system show that our proposed method can ensure the smooth transition of LFC system under physical/cyber failures, thereby the reliability of power grid operation can be enhanced.

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Securing the Power Grid: Protecting Smart Grids and Connected Power Systems from Cyberattacks

Cited by 51 publications

References 1 publication

Real-Time Coupling of Geographically Distributed Research Infrastructures: Taxonomy, Overview, and Real-World Smart Grid Applications

Real-Time Coupling of Geographically Distributed Research Infrastructures: Taxonomy, Overview, and Real-World Smart Grid Applications

Cyber-Security of Smart Microgrids: A Survey

Active fault‐tolerant control for load frequency control in multi‐area power systems with physical faults and cyber attacks

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