Security and tolerable risk for hydrogen service stations

Schjølberg, Ingrid; Østdahl, Anne

doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2007.10.009

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It refers instead to a willingness by society as a whole to live with a risk so as to secure certain benefits in the confidence that the risk is one that is worth taking and that it is being properly controlled" (HSE, 2001). According to Schjølberg and Østdahl (2008), the tolerable risk always refers to the acceptable risk, and the acceptability of a risk would represent a subset of the risk tolerability. These authors define the tolerable risk as an "accepted" risk in a given context, depending on the existing values in the society.…”

Section: Risk Acceptability and Risk Tolerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GAMAB approach (Globalement Au Moins Aussi Bon, in French) was developed in France within the rail transportation industry, and is increasingly taken into account in other sectors (Schjølberg & Østdahl 2008). This approach is based on the principle that any new system should be at least as safe as the pre-existing one.…”

Section: The Main Approaches Of Risk Acceptabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach uses the number of natural deaths as a point of comparison to establish the acceptable level of risk of a given situation (Johansen, 2010). For instance, on this basis of this approach, the number of consecutive deaths due to technological accidents should not be higher than the probability of a 15-year-old teenager to die, for which the average number of consecutive deaths resulting from natural causes in a developed country population do not exceed 10 -4 /year (Schjølberg & Østdahl, 2008).…”

Section: The Main Approaches Of Risk Acceptabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Classification of risk acceptability and risk tolerability factors in occupational health and safety

Tchiehe

Gauthier

2017

Safety Science

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Section: Risk Acceptability and Risk Tolerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Main Approaches Of Risk Acceptabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Main Approaches Of Risk Acceptabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Classification of risk acceptability and risk tolerability factors in occupational health and safety

Tchiehe

Gauthier

2017

Safety Science

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“…From another point of view, in the context of industrial installations with dangerous compressed gases, Schjølberg and Østdahl (2008) define "tolerable risk" as risk that is accepted in a given context based on the current values of society, meaning what society thinks is reasonable regarding the frequency and consequences of hazardous events. The French regulation on industrial risks (MEDDAD, 2008;annex 6, p. 130, Table 40) provides an explicit (probability, consequence) table stating when an installation may be seen as "compatible with its environment".…”

Section: Normative Approaches For Storage Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actuarial risk assessment of expected fatalities attributable to carbon capture and storage in 2050

Ha-Duong

Loisel

2011

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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International audienceThis study estimates the human cost of failures in the CCS industry in 2050, using the actuarial approach. The range of expected fatalities is assessed integrating all steps of the CCS chain: additional coal production, coal transportation, carbon capture, transport, injection and storage, based on empirical evidence from technical or social analogues. The main finding is that a few hundred fatalities per year should be expected if the technology is used to avoid emitting 1 GtC yr-1 in 2050 at baseload coal power plants. The large majority of fatalities are attributable to mining and delivering more coal. These risks compare to today's industrial hazards: technical, knowable and occupational dangers for which there are socially acceptable non-zero risk levels. Some contemporary European societies tolerate about one fatality per thousand year around industrial installations. If storage sites perform like that, then expected fatalities per year due to leakage should have a minor contribution in the total expected fatalities per year: less than one. But to statistically validate such a safety level, reliability theory and the technology roadmap suggest that CO2 storage demonstration projects over the next 20 years have to cause exactly zero fatality.Dans cette étude on estime les coûts humains des défaillances dans la filière du CSC en 2050, en utilisant l'approche actuarielle. La mortalité prévue est évaluée à tous les stades du CSC : production additionnelle de charbon, captage du carbone, transport, injection et stockage, en se basant sur des données empiriques issues d'analogues techniques et sociaux. La conclusion principale est que quelques centaines de décès par an sont à attendre quand la technologie est employée pour éviter l'émission d'1 GtC an-1 en 2050 pour 1500 centrales électriques de base alimentées en charbon. La mise en oeuvre du CSC épargnerait sans doute plusieurs dizaines de milliers de vies en 2050 par l'atténuation du changement climatique. Ainsi, en termes de vies sauvées attendues, les bénéfices du CSC l'emportent sur ses coûts. La grande majorité des décès sont attribuables à l'extraction de davantage de charbon, et viennent ensuite les pertes dans l'acheminement maritime. Ces risques sont comparables aux accidents industriels d'aujourd'hui : des dangers techniques, connaissables et professionnels pour lesquels existent des niveaux de risque non zéro socialement acceptés. Si les sites de stockage opèrent à des niveaux de sûreté actuellement tolérés dans des installations analogues, les pertes annuelles attendues liées aux fuites, pourtant une préoccupation importante pour le public local, devraient contribuer de façon mineure à la mortalité annuelle attendue : inférieures à un. Mais cette condition de performance des sites de stockage sera refutée si une seule mort se produit avant 2030

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“…At the present time, many of the hydrogen safety analyses are performed using screening tools and codes and standards (ISO, 2004;Schjølberg & Østdahl, 2008). There is only a limited use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools (Marangon, Carcassi, Engebø, & Nilsen, 2007;Rosyid, Jablonski, & Hauptmanns, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%