Security of Crop Production of Soil-Processing Technique: Status and Prospects

Abstract

In Russia for the last 20 years the park of farm vehicles was repeatedly reduced and security of crop production with the soil-cultivating equipment and tractors has significantly worsened. Despite reduction of arable land more than on 40 million hectares, the number of cars on 1000 hectares during the present period are many times lower, than at the countries with the developed agriculture, including in Belarus. The main reasons for reduction of the area of the cultivated arable land, need of their elimination, including due to multiple increase and high-quality improvement of the machine park are specified. The analysis of current trends of development of tillage machines is carried out and the factors influencing this process are shown. The major requirements are increase in productivity due to increase in width of hijacking of cars and power of tractors, ensuring adaptability of cars to agrotechnical requirements due to use of replaceable working bodies and adapters, means of the automated control of quality of work and, in the long term, aggregation with the pilotless power means equipped with GLONASS systems. Types and the predicted need for priority tillage machines taking into account broader performance of pochvovlagosberegayushchy technologies, increases in arable land due to development of 20 million hectares of deposits and updating of the tractor park with his saturation by powerful enegosredstvo are given.