Sedatives and Tranquilizers

Flajs, Vesna Cerkvenik; MacNeil, James D.

doi:10.1002/9781118696781.ch6

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 111 publications

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“…As UV absorbers, phenothiazine and many of its derivatives serve as electron donors for a range of CT systems. − Conversely, certain phenothiazine derivatives, such as promethazine, chlorpromazine, and methotrimeprazine, exhibit biological activity as H 1 blockers, i.e., antihistamines, and have a clinical significance as antiemetic and antipsychotic medications. − The antiviral properties of some of them raised quite an interest during the COVID-19 pandemic as potential agents against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. − …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do Liquid-Junction Potentials and Medium Polarity at Electrode Surfaces Affect Electrochemical Analyses for Charge-Transfer Systems?

et al. 2023

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The importance of electrochemical analysis for chargetransfer science cannot be overstated. Interfaces in electrochemical cells present certain challenges in the interpretation and the utility of the analysis. This publication focuses on: (1) the medium polarity that redox species experience at the electrode surfaces that is smaller than the polarity in the bulk media and (2) the liquid-junction potentials from interfacing electrolyte solutions of different organic solvents, namely, dichloromethane, benzonitrile, and acetonitrile. Electron-donor−acceptor pairs of aromatics with similar structures (i.e., 1-naphthylamine and 1-nitronaphthalene, 10-methylphenothiazine and 9-nitroanthracene, and 1aminopyrene and 1-nitropyrene) serve as redox analytes for this study. Using the difference between the reduction potentials of the oxidized donors and the acceptors eliminates the effects of the liquid junctions on the analysis of charge-transfer thermodynamics. This analysis also offers a means for evaluating the medium polarity that the redox species experience at the surface of the working electrode and the effects of the liquid junctions on the measured reduction potentials. While the liquid-junction potentials between the dichloromethane and acetonitrile solutions amount to about 90 mV, for the benzonitrile-acetonitrile junctions, the potentials are only about 30 mV. The presented methods for analyzing the measured electrochemical characteristics of donors and acceptors illustrate a means for improved evaluation of the thermodynamics of chargetransfer systems.

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