Sedimentation Rates and Heavy Metal
Concentrations in the Tidal Flats
of North Vietnam

Nhon, Dang Hoai; Duc, Thanh Tran; Van, Huy Dinh; Son, H.P.; Manh, Ha Nguyen; Dinh, Lan Tran; Xiaoyong, Duan; Dac, Ve Nguyen

doi:10.15244/pjoes/99107

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Hoai et al [ 70 ] discovered that the concentrations of HMs (Cu, Zn, Pb, As, and Cd) in the sediments of tidal flats in northern Vietnam (Quang Ninh to Ninh Binh) provinces increased over time. Cu, Pb, and As concentrations in sediments from the center to the south surpassed the ISQG standards.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological-Health Risk Assessments of Heavy Metals (Cu, Pb, and Zn) in Aquatic Sediments from the ASEAN-5 Emerging Developing Countries: A Review and Synthesis

Yap

Al-Mutairi

2021

Biology

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The ASEAN-5 countries (Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, and Vietnam) of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations as a group is an ever-increasing major economy developmental hub in Asia besides having wealthy natural resources. However, heavy metal (HM) pollution in the region is of increasing environmental and public concern. This study aimed to review and compile the concentrations of Cu, Pb, and Zn in the aquatic sediments of the ASEAN-5 countries published in the literature from 1981 to February 2021. The mean values of Cu, Pb, and Zn in aquatic sediments were elevated and localized in high human activity sites and compared to the earth’s upper continental crust and reference values. Based on 176 reports from 113 publications, the ranges of concentrations (mg/kg dry weight) were 0.09–3080 for Cu, 0.37–4950 for Zn, and 0.07–2666 for Pb. The ecological risk (ER) values ranged from 0.02–1077 for Cu, 0.01–95.2 for Zn, and 0.02–784 for Pb. All reports (100%) showed the Zn ER values were categorized as being between ‘low potential ecological risk’ and ‘considerable potential ecological risk’. Almost all Cu ER values (97.7%) also showed similar ranges of the above two risk categories except for a few reports. The highest Cu level (3080 mg/kg dry weight) was reported from a mine-tailing spill in Marinduque Island of the Philippines with ‘very high ecological risk’. In addition, drainage sediments in the western part of Peninsular Malaysia were categorized as Cu ’high potential ecological risk’. Almost all reports (96%) showed Pb ER values categorized as between ‘low potential ecological risk’ and ‘moderate potential ecological risk’ except for a few reports. Six reports showed Pb ER values of ‘considerable potential ecological risk’, while one report from Semarang (Indonesia) showed Pb ER of ‘very high ecological risk’ (Pb level of 2666 mg/kg dry weight). For the ingestion and dermal contact pathways for sediments from the ASEAN-5 countries, all non-carcinogenic risk (NCR) values (HI values 1.0) for Cu, Pb, and Zn reflected no NCR. The ER and human health risk assessment of Cu, Pb, and Zn were compared in an integrative and accurate manner after we reassessed the HM data mentioned in the literature. The synthesis carried out in this review provided the basis for us to consider Cu, Pb, and Zn as being of localized elevated levels. This provided evidence for the ASEAN-5 group of countries to be considered as being a new socio-economic corridor. Beyond any reasonable doubt, an ever-increasing anthropogenic input of HMs is to be expected to a certain degree. We believe that this paper provides the most fundamental useful baseline data for the future management and sustainable development of the aquatic ecosystems in the region. Lastly, we claim that this review is currently the most up-to-date review on this topic in the literature.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological-Health Risk Assessments of Heavy Metals (Cu, Pb, and Zn) in Aquatic Sediments from the ASEAN-5 Emerging Developing Countries: A Review and Synthesis

Yap

Al-Mutairi

2021

Biology

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“…At the Ba Lat estuary, at some monitoring time, Fe concentrations in the water were from 2.2 to 9.7 times higher than the allowed value QCVN 10-MT: 2015/BTNMT [12] whereas Zn concentrations were from 1.28 to 5.12 times higher than the standard limits [14]. High contents of trace metal elements (Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Cd, and Hg) in the coastal sediment of North Vietnam, including ai Binh and Nam Dinh provinces, were also observed in different studies [15,16]. is may affect the life and quality of the fishery and aquacultural seafood in this area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…both point and dispersal wastes sources. In our case, the pollution in the coastal water and sediment of the ai Binh and Nam Dinh provinces probably comes from inland (domestic, agricultural, and industrial wastewater)[12,15,18]. Nguyen et al[17] studied on trace metal element concentration in surface soil samples collected from different land use types in agricultural land in Nam Dinh Province and found that Cr mainly originated from a natural source.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…e coastal region receives also the considerable pollutant fluxes of the Red River, which discharges directly through the Ba Lat mouth [20,21]. Hoai et al [15] emphasized that metal contents in sediments in the coastal zone of North Vietnam have increased with time, as a consequence of the socioeconomic development in this region.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies demonstrated the high level of some trace metal elements, e.g., Fe and Zn, in the coastal water of the Red River in ai Binh and Nam Dinh provinces [12][13][14]. Moreover, Hoai et al [15] reported that the contents of some trace metal elements (mg•kg −1 ) in tidal flat sediment in the North Vietnam coast were as follows: Cu, 0.69-94.76 (mean: 40.50); Pb, 5.78-120.32 (mean: 52.08); Zn, 3.95-492.01 (mean: 85.31); As, 0.26-53.93 (mean: 18.73); Cd, 0.02-2.56 (mean: 0.44). ese authors emphasized the high contents of some trace metal elements (Cu, Pb, As, and Cd), from moderately to strongly polluted environments in the Ba Lat water coastal zone and noted that the contamination increased with time.…”

Section: Factors Impacting On Trace Metal Element Accumulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trace Metal Element Analysis in Some Seafood in the Coastal Zone of the Red River (Ba Lat Estuary, Vietnam) by Green Sample Preparation and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)

Hoang

Phung³

et al. 2021

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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Fisheries and aquaculture production in the coastal zone of Vietnam contribute significantly to the national economy. However, seafood quality and safety, especially in terms of metal contents, are of increasing concern, for both domestic and international markets. This paper presents the results of an investigation in some trace metal elements (iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg)) concentrations in some fishes, crustaceans, and molluscs in the coastal zone of the Red River (in the Ba Lat estuary in Thai Binh and Nam Dinh provinces) during four sampling campaigns in 2020. All samples were treated by a green sample preparation using microwave digestion and then analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the trace metal element concentrations in fish, crustacean, and mollusc samples decreased in the following order: Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > As > Cd ∼ Hg. In more details, the ranges of trace metal elements in seafood samples were 13.13–202.73; 7.63–82.71; 0.48–22.73; 0.72–15.58; 0.18–5.12; 0.001–1.114; and 0.001–0.923 mg·kg−1 for Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, As, Cd, and Hg, respectively. The research results contribute to the dataset of the seafood (both fishery and aquacultural seafood) quality in the Red River coastal zone. Although the mean values of different trace metal elements observed in this study were lower than the allowed values of Vietnam’s or European’s threshold for food safety, some high concentrations were detected. The survey results suggest the need to expand the monitoring scope (frequency of monitoring, number of samples, and observed variables) for obtaining a fully comprehensive assessment of seafood quality in this region. Our results also indicate that it is necessary to manage water quality in coastal areas, especially where aquaculture activities are carried out.

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Assessment of the distribution and ecological risks of heavy metals in coastal sediments in Vietnam’s Mong Cai area

Loan

Nhon

et al. 2022

Environ Monit Assess

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The Mong Cai area is located on the border between Vietnam and China, with the Ka Long River forming a natural border. Coastal sediments were collected and analyzed for grain size, heavy metal content, total organic carbon, and isotopes ( 210 Pb, 226 Ra, δ 15 N, δ 13 C) to assess sediment quality.Fine sand was common in surface sediment, with abundant very ne sand in core C1; in core C2, very coarse silt and coarse silt were dominant. The sedimentation rate at C1 ranged between 0.08 and 1.62 cm/year while that at C2 ranged between 0.07 and 0.51 cm/year. The total organic carbon was highest in C2 next to the surface and lowest in C1, with content levels of 1.81%, 0.40% and 0.31%, respectively. δ 13 C in surface sediments ranged from − 27.43 to -17.02‰ and averaged − 24.13‰; δ 15 N ranged from 3.12 to 6.05‰, with an average of 4.96‰; and δ 13 C and δ 15 N in the sediment re ected the source of the organic matter mix from the marine and terrigenous sediments.The sediments' heavy metal contents were lower than ISQGs, with the exception that As in C1 and C2 was higher than the ISQG. The heavy metal distribution was highly concentrated in the Ka Long estuary with low concentration in Ha Coi Bay. The concentration in C1 showed a decline over time, while the Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Co, Ni, and Mn contents in C2 increased over time between 1996 and 2019. In terms of heavy metal pollution indexes, Igeo showed C1 and C2 to be unpolluted to moderately polluted with As, with Li and Pb in C2; EF was moderately enriched with As; CF was moderately contaminated (Pb, Cd, Fe, Mo, and Li) in C2 and in C1 (Cd, As, Li) and considerably contaminated (As) in C2. ER of As showed a moderate potential ecological risk in C2. CD ranged from moderate degree contamination to considerable degree contamination (C1, C2). RI had low ecological risks.

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Sedimentation Rates and Heavy Metal Concentrations in the Tidal Flats of North Vietnam

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Ecological-Health Risk Assessments of Heavy Metals (Cu, Pb, and Zn) in Aquatic Sediments from the ASEAN-5 Emerging Developing Countries: A Review and Synthesis

Ecological-Health Risk Assessments of Heavy Metals (Cu, Pb, and Zn) in Aquatic Sediments from the ASEAN-5 Emerging Developing Countries: A Review and Synthesis

Trace Metal Element Analysis in Some Seafood in the Coastal Zone of the Red River (Ba Lat Estuary, Vietnam) by Green Sample Preparation and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)

Assessment of the distribution and ecological risks of heavy metals in coastal sediments in Vietnam’s Mong Cai area

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