Seed heteromorphism in carolina dayflower (<scp><i>C</i></scp><i>ommelina caroliniana</i><scp>W</scp>alter)

Matsuo, Mitsuhiro; Sakai, Taira; Kawano, Yoshiki

doi:10.1111/wbm.12107

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Currently, the original habitat of C. caroliniana is gradually disappearing due to urban development, whereas in the United States, it is widely naturalized in the southeast and has been designated as an invasive alien plant that damages crops (Faden, 1993;Rehel, 2013;Kraus et al, 2020). Commelina caroliniana is also naturalized in Japan, and it is speculated that it was introduced to Kyushu during the importation of rice from India (Matsuo et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overlooked invasive alien plant of Jejudo Island: Commelina caroliniana (Commelinaceae)

Kang

Lee

Son

2021

Korean J. Pl. Taxon

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Invasive alien species management is pivotal for biodiversity conservation. Commelina caroliniana Walter, from the family Commelinaceae, is an alien plant native to the Himalayas and India, but it has been widely introduced around the world, including in the United States, Brazil, Philippines, and Japan. In Korea, the first population was found growing adjacent to agricultural land and farm roads on Jejudo Island, and field observations confirmed the presence of at least nine populations there. It is similar morphologically to C. diffusa Burm. f. but can be distinguished by involucral bracts that are ciliate at the base, hairs on the peduncle and obsolete upper cincinnus, brown spots on its 4-lobed antherode, and seed surfaces that are smooth to slightly alveolate. It was determined to have an invasiveness low score of 8 according to the Korean 'Invasive Alien Plant Risk Assessment', suggesting that it may spread to natural habitats. Although the current distribution of C. caroliniana is restricted to Jeju-si, it has spread dramatically in many other areas of the world. At present, it has had a limited impact on the local environment, but local and regulatory authorities should pay close attention to this plant and take measures to prevent its expansion in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overlooked invasive alien plant of Jejudo Island: Commelina caroliniana (Commelinaceae)

Kang

Lee

Son

2021

Korean J. Pl. Taxon

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“…), Commelina caroliniana Walter (Matsuo et al . ), Commelina benghalensis (Yoshida et al . ), Salicornia patula Duval‐Jouve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seed polymorphism has been reported for several plant species, including, Salsola affinis (Wei et al 2007), Commelina caroliniana Walter (Matsuo et al 2016), Commelina benghalensis (Yoshida et al 2006), Salicornia patula Duval-Jouve. (Berger 1985), Salicornia europaea L. (Austenfeld 1988), Bidens odorata Cav.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in the germination characteristics in response to environmental factors between the hairy and spiny seeds of hedge parsley (Torilis arvensis Huds.)

Payamani

Nosratti

Amerian

2018

Weed Biology and Management

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Torilis arvensis Huds. produces two types of mericarps, spiny and hairy (referred to as seeds hereafter), but little information is available on their germination behavior. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the different germination characteristics of hairy and spiny seeds in T. arvensis in response to environmental factors. Both seed types were dormant at harvesting, but the spiny type had a deeper dormancy level and required a more prolonged after‐ripping period. In general, T. arvensis seed germination and seedling emergence responses to examined factors were similar between the two seed types. The highest germination percentage was observed in pH 7. Germination was the highest at a temperature of 20°C. Light did not affect seed germination. T. arvensis was sensitive to osmotic stress induced by NaCl or PEG6000. No seedlings emerged when the seeds were buried at soil depth of 6 cm and deeper soil depths. The results indicate that T. arvensis has the potential to spread into more areas devoted to Apiaceae crops in Iran. Tillage would be beneficial to its effective control in these crops.

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Heteromorphic seed germination and seedling emergence in the legume Teramnus labialis (L.f.) Spreng (Fabacaeae)

Acosta

Pérez

Escalante

et al. 2020

Botany

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Seed heteromorphism can influence germination and ultimately seedling establishment, particularly in disturbed habitats. This study compared seed and seedling traits across three distinctly colored seed morphs (viz. light-brown, brown, and dark-brown) of the forage legume, Teramnus labialis (L.f.) Spreng. The best quality seeds (i.e., un-parasitized, filled and un-cracked) were brown: 389.3 quality seeds per 1000 units compared with <270/1000 units for the other two morphs. Length, width, volume, and water content were lowest in the light-brown and highest in the dark-brown seeds. Seed thickness and mass were lower in the light-brown seeds. Dark-brown seeds imbibed fastest from 2 h onwards. Germination was comparable across the morphs after 7 days but was lowest in the light-brown (17% at 21 days) and highest in the dark-brown seeds (36% at 21 days) at 14 and 21 days. At 7 days, seedling emergence in the dark-brown seeds (15.0%) was higher than in the other two morphs (4%–6%); this remained so at 14 and 21 days. Seedling growth (number of leaves, stem height and diameter, and root length) was superior in the dark-brown seeds. Seed heteromorphism in T. labialis may allow its persistence in disturbed habitats, and the dark-brown seeds are best suited for seeding in revegetation projects, given their superior germination capacity and seedling vigor.

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Seed heteromorphism in carolina dayflower (Commelina carolinianaWalter)

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

An overlooked invasive alien plant of Jejudo Island: Commelina caroliniana (Commelinaceae)

An overlooked invasive alien plant of Jejudo Island: Commelina caroliniana (Commelinaceae)

Variations in the germination characteristics in response to environmental factors between the hairy and spiny seeds of hedge parsley (Torilis arvensis Huds.)

Heteromorphic seed germination and seedling emergence in the legume Teramnus labialis (L.f.) Spreng (Fabacaeae)

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