Selective dimerization of ethylene to but-1-ene under the conditions of industrial process. I. Influence of temperature and pressure on the rate of the process in a bubbling type reactor

Zhukov, V. I.; Val’kovich, G. V.; Skorik, B. N.; Petrov, Yu. M.; Белов, Г. П.

doi:10.1134/s1070427207070385

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Also, the titanium-based catalysts ensure high activity during dimerization into Butene-1 coupled with excellent selectivity at moderate temperatures and pressures [13]. Hence, these catalysts are typically utilized commercially in the chemical industry in the form of tetrabutoxide (Ti (OC 4 H 9 ) 4 /Triethylaluminum (TEA)/Tetrahydrofuran (THF) at the molar ratio of THF/Ti = 4 [4]. Although the Ti (OC 4 H 9 ) 4 is the critical catalyst, TEA acts as the activator or co-catalyst whereas the modifier is typically THF.…”

Section: A Titanium-based Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors reported that the use of the novel catalysts result in high activity and selectivity. These findings have stimulated interest in the high selectivity of Butene-1 among the global scientific and research community particularly in India [3], Russia [4], the Middle East [5] and Western [6] among others. Other than that, there is also growing research focus on the operational optimization of ethylene dimerization plants [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Developments on Ethylene Dimerization with Focus on Alphabutol Optimization

Alenezi¹,

Alwi²,

Manan³

et al. 2019

IJITEE

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Butene-1 is an essential compound or co-monomer typically used to regulate and control the density of both high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE). The production of Butene-1 has become a significant area of interest to the industrial and educational-research sectors. Alphabutol technology is one of the Butene-1 production processes. This paper attempts to find a problem that has not been addressed by previous research on production of Butene-1 by using ethylene demineralization route focussing on Alphabutol Technology. The first part of this paper is on the ethylene dimerization techniques available in the literature. Most research on the ethylene dimerization technique emphasized on how to enhance the selectivity of Butene-1 from ethylene using different types of catalyst. The second part of this paper reviews the operational processes used to minimise fouling reported in the literature review. Most of the literatures focused ethylene dimerization and not on the operational issues to be overcome during chemical reactions to enhance the selectivity of Butene-1. Fouling problem in Alphabutol process is still an area that is not adequately addressed in the literature. There is also no literature on operating or maintenance procedure to address these problems of the technology. Therefore, there is still room for improvement on the ethylene dimerization research technology, particularly in the operational process and conditions where the improvement in the reaction parameters of the Alphabutol reactor can improve selectivity of butene-1, extend the run time of the heat exchanger and reduce the time required to clean the heat exchanger fouling.

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Section: A Titanium-based Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments on Ethylene Dimerization with Focus on Alphabutol Optimization

Alenezi¹,

Alwi²,

Manan³

et al. 2019

IJITEE

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“…This finding led to the new methods for producing a broad range of products from dimers and oligomers to polymers . It opened a field of research that continued to receive much attention from both industry and academia …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkoxysilane modification of a Ti‐based catalyst system for ethylene dimerization: A step forward in enhancing productivity and selectivity

Bigdeli

Abdouss

Abedi

2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Alkoxysilanes were used as novel enhancing agents in the Ti-based catalyst for the highly selective ethylene dimerization to butene-1. The dimerization of ethylene was carried out using the homogeneous Ti(OBu) 4 /THF/TEA/alkoxysilane catalyst system, where Ti(OBu) 4 , THF (tetrahydrofuran), TEA (triethylaluminum), and alkoxysilane were used as catalyst, additive, activator, and modifier, respectively. The nature and concentration of alkoxysilanes on the dimerization rate, catalyst yield, by-products production, and selectivity to butene-1 were investigated in detail. It was found that the performance of alkoxysilanes assisted with the class of the Ti-based catalyst system, developed in this work, has been furthered by high productivity and selectivity with respect to the bare catalyst system. It proved that alkoxysilanes could play an excellent improving role in the selective ethylene dimerization process. V C 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44615.

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“…• Cyclic intermediate mechanism: The mechanism was accepted as part of Alphabutol process relevant to IFP in four steps as shown in Fig. 2 The selective ethylene dimerization reaction uses a commercial homogeneous catalytic system based on titanium tetrabutoxide (Ti (OC 4 H 9 ) 4 /Triethylaluminum (TEA) /Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with molar ratio of THF/Ti=4 which is typically called Commercial Catalyst [4], [5]. Ti (OC 4 H 9 ) 4 is as main catalyst.…”

Section: Introoductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Ethylene Dimerization Toward 1-butene by a New Highly Efficient Catalyst System and Determination of Its Optimum Operating Conditions in a Buchi Reactor

Mahdaviani¹,

Soudbar²,

Parvari³

2010

IJCEA

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The quantity of heavy and polymeric compounds produced in the industrial reactor is the most important problem of 1-butene plants that leads to the fouling formation and shutting down of the pertinent reactor. Accordingly, a systematic study has been made of the Ti catalyzed dimerization of ethylene using a vicinal halide compound as a new promoter. This study revealed that the addition of 1, 2-dichloroethane (EDC) as new promoter had marked impact on the catalyst performance which led to the improvement of overall 1-butene selectivity, yield of reaction and remarkable decrease of by-products and polymer. It is proposed that the spatial effects of weak coordination of EDC on the Ti active species lead to the decomposition of dimeric TEA into monomeric TEA and the facile generation of the increased number of the active metal sites of responsible for the dimerization of ethylene. The relevant mechanism and reaction between TEA and EDC was disclosed in detail. More specifically, the effects of various operating conditions (i.e. reaction temperature and pressure, molar ratios of TEA/Ti, modifier/Ti and EDC/Ti on ethylene conversion, overall selectivity to 1-butene, byproducts, weight of polymer and yield of reaction were fully assessed and the optimum reaction conditions were determined.Index Terms-ethylene dimerization, vicinal halide, promoter, heavy and polymeric compounds.

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Selective dimerization of ethylene to but-1-ene under the conditions of industrial process. I. Influence of temperature and pressure on the rate of the process in a bubbling type reactor

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Recent Developments on Ethylene Dimerization with Focus on Alphabutol Optimization

Recent Developments on Ethylene Dimerization with Focus on Alphabutol Optimization

Alkoxysilane modification of a Ti‐based catalyst system for ethylene dimerization: A step forward in enhancing productivity and selectivity

Selective Ethylene Dimerization Toward 1-butene by a New Highly Efficient Catalyst System and Determination of Its Optimum Operating Conditions in a Buchi Reactor

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