Selective extraction of genotoxic impurities and structurally alerting compounds using polymeric ionic liquid sorbent coatings in solid-phase microextraction: Alkyl halides and aromatics

Selective extraction and analysis of catecholamines in rat blood microdialysate by polymeric ionic liquid-diphenylboric acid-packed capillary column and fast separation in high-performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detector

“…Figure S3 shows the chemical structure of the PIL. The ionic liquid monomer [VPPIM][Cl] was first synthesized by reacting vinyl imidazole with 1-chloro-3-phenylpropane at 70 • C in isopropanol at a molar ratio of 1:1.1 for 72 h [36]. The IL monomer was characterized using 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR.…”

“…However, the loss of the ILs during the desorption step decreases their service life and reproducibility. Polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) not only possess the advantages of ILs but also have exceptional thermal stability, highly reproducible extraction efficiencies and long lifetimes [35,36]. ILs can also be coordinately polymerized with cross-linker compounds to prepare cross-linked polymeric ionic liquids [37][38][39], overcoming the issue of linear PILs swelling and dissolving after exposure to organic solvents with good extraction performance [40].…”

“…[VPPIM] [Cl] was selected because of the -interactions of the benzene and imidazole rings in the cation and the high hydrogen bond basicity of the [Cl] − anion, which will facilitate combination with the DPBA-ethanolamine ester in the steady state [36]. As shown in Fig.…”

A novel surface-confined glucaminium-based ionic liquid stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction/anion-exchange mixed-mode chromatography

“…Glucaminium-based ILs were a new kind of ILs recently developed to remove or extract boron-species, improve the separation of hydrophilic boron compounds under RPLC by using the complexion behavior with borate [25][26][27]. Moreover, glucaminium-based ILs presented good extraction performances to alkyl halides and aromatics [28], deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) [29], indicating they could provide the ability to function with solutes by multiple interactions. Glucaminium-based ILs are prepared from N-methyl-d-glucamine through the functionalization of the amine group with halogen substituted compounds [30], and the presence of the glucose structure renders the IL molecule good hydrophilicity.…”

Glucaminium ionic liquid-functionalized stationary phase for the separation of nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction chromatography

“…Glucaminium-based ILs are a new class of ILs, which are initially designed to bind boron species [20][21][22]. Meanwhile, they show satisfactory extraction performances toward hydrocarbon halides [23] and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) [24], indicating the multiple interactions between glucaminium and solutes. The glucose segment of glucaminium is of high hydrophilicity, enabling that glucaminium-based stationary phase can be used in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC).…”