Self-concept, Self-esteem, Personality Traits and Psychopathological Symptoms in Adolescents with and without Visual Impairment

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze self-concept, self-esteem, and other personality traits and psychopathological symptoms in subjects with and without visual impairment. The sample was made up of 90 participants aged 12 to 17: 61 with no impairment and 29 with visual impairment. The ANOVA showed that there were no significant differences in self-concept and self-esteem in the samples, but the visually impaired adolescents scored significantly higher in various psychopathological symptoms as well as in their capacity for kind behavior. The ANOVA revealed no gender differences in any variables in adolescents without visual impairment. However, women with visual impairment scored lower in self-esteem and higher in various psychopathological symptoms. Pearson coefficients revealed negative relations between self-concept/self-esteem and all the psychopathological symptoms, and neuroticism, as well as a positive relation with extraversion. Low psychoticism, high extraversion, and low hostility were identified as predictors of high self-concept.La finalidad del estudio fue analizar el autoconcepto, la autoestima, otros rasgos de personalidad y diversos síntomas psicopatológicos en personas con y sin discapacidad visual. La muestra estaba configurada con 90 participantes de 12 a 17 años, 61 sin discapacidad y 29 con discapacidad visual. El ANOVA no evidenció diferencias ni en el autoconcepto ni en la autoestima, sin embargo, los adolescentes con discapacidad visual tenían puntuaciones superiores en varios síntomas psicopatológicos así como en conductas de amabilidad. El ANOVA no reveló diferencias de género en ninguna variable en los adolescentes sin discapacidad, sin embargo, las chicas con discapacidad visual tenían puntuaciones significativamente inferiores en autoestima y superiores en varios síntomas psicopatológicos. Los coeficientes de Pearson mostraron relaciones negativas del autoconcepto y la autoestima con todos los síntomas psicopatológicos, y con neuroticismo, así como una relación positiva con extraversión. Bajo psicoticismo, alta extraversión, y baja hostilidad fueron identificados como predictores de alto autoconcepto.

An Analysis of Self-Concept in Students With Compensatory Education Needs for Developing a Mindfulness-Based Psychoeducational Program

“…As such, it would be useful to analyze self-concept in students with disabilities-this being a critical variable-especially given that social comparison plays a fundamental role in these particular students' self-esteem, exerting an influence on the basis of perceived significant limitations in the functioning of specific adaptive skills (Pérez & Garaigordobil, 2007). However, studies yield contradictory results: On one hand, authors such as Garaigordobil and Bernarás (2009) and Bolat, Doğangun, Yavuz, Demir, and Kayaalp (2011) posited that no significant differences in self-concept emerge between people with and without disabilities, on the other hand, other studies (Halder & Datta, 2012;López-Justicia, Fernández de Haro, Amezcua, & Pichardo, 2000;Polo & López-Justicia, 2012;Taleporos & McCabe, 2005;Weisel & Kamara, 2005) point to significantly lower differences in self-concept for young people with disabilities. Authors like Kavale and Forness (1996) have reported how children and adolescents with learning difficulties experience social problems, emotional difficulties, and behavior disorders due to deficits in the development of "social competence."…”

Relación entre autoconcepto y nivel de depresión en personas con retinosis pigmentaria

“…Otro inconveniente radica en que se ha usado la versión abreviada, por lo que al disminuir el número de ítems también lo hace la fiabilidad; no obstante, es preciso señalar que se ha comprobado una correlación alta (.96) entre ambas versiones (Beck et al, 1979). Segundo, se ha evaluado una sola vez, impidiendo averiguar si los participantes tienen tendencia a mostrar un estado de ánimo depresivo, en cuyo caso serían más probables los síntomas depresivos como respuesta a la patología visual (Garaigordobil y Bernarás, 2009;McCrae y Costa, 1990). También se quiere señalar que el tamaño de la muestra es reducido y el número total de hombres y mujeres no es similar, lo que supone una limitación en la generalización de los resultados.…”

Psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Self-Concept Scale in Brazilian adolescents

“…As relações interpessoais e familiares influenciam na construção do autoconceito, especialmente nas crianças e adolescentes (Garaigordobil & Bernarás, 2009;Garaigordobil et al, 2008;Sharma, 2012). Ainda que não haja concordân-cia sobre sua composição, a relação do autoconceito com a autoestima e sua importância para o desenvolvimento dos adolescentes são consenso.…”

“…De acordo com Pallas, Entwisle, Alexander, e Weinstein (1990), ele se desenvolve mais intensamente a partir do primeiro ano escolar, quando a criança passa mais tempo na companhia de outras crianças, exposta pela primeira vez a avaliações que comparam suas competências com as de outras crianças. A família, por meio de suas funções afetiva e socializadora também exerce impacto no autoconceito (Garaigordobil & Bernarás, 2009;Martínez, García & Yubero, 2007;Sharma, 2012), uma vez que ele é construído pelas relações estabelecidas com as outras pessoas, influenciando no desenvolvimento da personalidade (Garaigordobil, Pérez, & Mozaz, 2008).…”