Self-Efficacy and Memory Aging: The Impact of a Memory Intervention Based on Self-Efficacy

Abstract

A multifactorial training program was developed for older adults, to improve self-efficacy and memory performance. Elements designed to raise self-efficacy were integrated into class discussions, homework readings, and practice exercises, including an emphasis on memory potential at any age, self-set goals, and opportunities for mastery. Strategy training focused on association, organization, attention, imagery, and PQRST. Significant improvements for the training group, as compared to a wait-list control group, were observed for memory self-efficacy, locus of control, name recall and story recall. Trained participants were using effective strategies more so than the control group. Final test scores were predicted by self-efficacy, condition assignment, and baseline ability (with some variation across the three tasks). These findings suggest that an integrated and comprehensive training program that incorporates principles of self-efficacy theory has great potential for improving older adults' memory ability.

White Matter Volume Mediates the Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Mobility in Older Women

“…These include guidance with personal goal setting (e.g., West, Thorn, & Bagwell, 2003) and practicing strategies aimed at improving self-efficacy and task performance (e.g., West, Bagwell, & Dark-Freudeman, 2008). Such increases in selfefficacy then lead to actual improvements in task performance (e.g., West et al, 2008). Directly relevant to our study here, if mobility is impacted by self-efficacy -both directly and indirectly -then interventions aimed at improving self-efficacy itself may improve mobility in older adults.…”

Cognitive Training in the Elderly: The Effect of Cognitive Training on Dispositional Variables and Subjective Well-Being

“…Za razliku od ranije razvijanih strateških programa, usmjerenih na specifične kognitivne sustave ili usvajanje određene strategije, višemodalni programi kombiniraju poučavanje mnemotehnika, osnaživanje strateškoga procesiranja i rad na psihosocijalnoj prilagodbi, odnosno samoefikasnosti i motivaciji, te tako pokušavaju djelovati na više kognitivnih funkcija, kao i na poboljšanje opće kvalitete života (Verhaeghen i Marcoen, 1996). Troyer (2001) i West, Bagwell i Dark-Freudeman (2008 navode kako jedino intervencije koje uzimaju u obzir ove metakognitivne aspekte mogu mijenjati percepciju samoefikasnosti, odnosno emocionalno-motivacijski stav pojedinca o njegovim procesima pamćenja, te tako biti korisne za svakodnevno funkcioniranje i imati trajniji učinak.…”

Effects of a Memory and Visual-Motor Integration Program for Older Adults Based on Self-Efficacy Theory

“…In addition, memory self-efficacy is a crucial element to improve memory [12] and alleviate depression in older adults [8]. Although several previous studies [6,12,18] demonstrate the effect of memory training based on self-efficacy, they focus only on memory training. However, evidence [14,19] shows that no significant effect on memory also exists.…”

“…However, memory skills continuously decrease with age [6], leading older adults to lose self-confidence in their memory [7], which can finally lead to depression and may affect their quality of life [8].…”