Self-partitioning SlipChip for slip-induced droplet formation and human papillomavirus viral load quantification with digital LAMP

Abstract

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Point-of-care diagnostics for infectious diseases: From methods to devices

“…Recently, digital INAA has been one of the hottest research fields, which can be highly integrated with microfluidic devices to achieve miniaturization of the devices, and highly sensitive and precise detection of target nucleic acids. In one previous work, Yu et al designed a self-partitioning SlipChip (sp-SlipChip) microfluidic device that could generate droplets by slip-induced flow to perform digital LAMP for POC detection and quantification of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA [484] . Firstly, the sp-SlipChip containing a designed “chain-of-pearls” continuous microfluidic channel was designed to establish the fluidic path for liquids to be introduced into the device.…”

“…When one simple manual slipping step was added, the aqueous solution could robustly self-partition into individual droplets by capillary pressure-driven flow. Then, digital LAMP was applied by this sp-SlipChip to perform quantitative analysis of HPV-16/18 nucleic acids extracted from clinical swab samples without cross-contamination observed between adjacent droplets, indicating the digital LAMP based device to be a promising diagnostic tool for POC quantitative analysis of viral load, especially in resource-poor regions [484] . Song et al developed a microfluidic cassette based device using reverse-transcription LAMP for visualized detection of ZIKV virus [485] .…”

Stretch‐driven microfluidic chip for nucleic acid detection

“…However, traditional detection methods like polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) require people who are experienced in handling multiple reagents and need bulky equipment, which is inaccessible to efficient and low‐cost detections. Many isothermal amplification methods have been developed, including nucleic acid sequence‐based amplification (NASBA) (Compton, 1991), recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) (Schuler et al, 2015), helicase‐dependent amplification (HDA) (Vincent et al, 2004), and loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) (N. Yu, Liu et al, 2020; Z. Yu, Lyu, et al 2020), which was a new constant temperature nucleic acid amplification method developed by Japanese scholars (Notomi et al, 2000). A Bst DNA polymerase was used with strand displacement function, and four or six primers were specially designed according to six regions of the target fragment so that DNA can be amplified at a constant temperature of about 65°C.…”

A Self-Priming Microfluidic Chip with Cushion Chambers for Easy Digital PCR

“…These chips have a reagent outlet, and thus have a potential risk of cross-contamination. SlipChip, a typical pdPCR platform, does not require pumping or valving and is relatively easy operate with effective partitioning, however, it needs precision alignment during reagent partitioning [ 23 , 24 ]. A chip fabricated by PDMS with a fractal branching microchannel net can realize self-digitization with only one inlet [ 11 ].…”