Sennetsu Neorickettsiosis, Spotted Fever Group, and Typhus Group Rickettsioses in Three Provinces in Thailand

Bhengsri, Saithip; Baggett, Henry C.; Edouard, Sophie; Dowell, Scott F.; Dasch, Gregory A.; Fisk, Tami L.; Raoult, Didier; Parola, Philippe

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.15-0752

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Little is known about pediatric ST and MT seroprevalence in Southeast Asia, although the seroprevalence seen here in Cambodian children (4.2% and 5.3%, respectively) is similar to that of adults in Thailand (4.2% for both pathogens). 9 The high DENV seroprevalence seen here (50.7%) is similar to that of children in neighboring Thailand (55.4–62.5%, 59%, and 71%) 10–12 and Vietnam (54.9% and 65.7%), 13,14 and higher than that of children in Laos (20–29.6%). 15…”

supporting

confidence: 65%

Seroprevalence of Dengue Virus and Rickettsial Infections in Cambodian Children

Fox‐Lewis

Hopkins

Sar

et al. 2019

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Scrub typhus (ST, Orientia tsutsugamushi), murine typhus (MT, Rickettsia typhi), and dengue virus (DENV) are important causes of childhood morbidity in Cambodia. This prospective, cross-sectional seroprevalence study determined the proportion of Cambodian children infected by these pathogens and the ages at which initial infection is likely to occur. A total of 993 patient serum samples were tested for MT-and ST-specific IgG, and 837 samples tested for DENV-specific IgG. Overall, ST, MT, and DENV seroprevalence was high, estimated at 4.2%, 5.3%, and 50.7%, respectively. Scrub typhus and MT seropositivity peaked in children aged 8-11 and 12-15 years, respectively, suggesting initial infection occurs in these ages. Dengue virus seroprevalence steadily increased with age, indicating constant DENV exposure. The results of this study suggest that in Cambodian children presenting with undifferentiated febrile illness, dengue should be considered high in the list of differential diagnoses, and empirical anti-rickettsial antimicrobial therapy may be more indicated in 8-to 15-year-olds.

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supporting

confidence: 65%

Seroprevalence of Dengue Virus and Rickettsial Infections in Cambodian Children

Fox‐Lewis

Hopkins

Sar

et al. 2019

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…The family Rickettsiaceae comprises Rickettsia and Orientia genera as members and is divided into three major groups; spotted fever group (SFGR), typhus group (TG) and scrub typhus group (STG) (Bhengsri et al 2016). Rickettsial diseases have worldwide distribution although there are endemic and hyper-endemic areas (Chikeka and Dumler 2015; Luce-Fedrow et al 2015; Merhej et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Ecological Drivers of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia in Asia

et al. 2019

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Spotted fever group and related rickettsia (SFGR) are a neglected group of pathogens that belong to the genus Rickettsia. SFGR are zoonotic and are transmitted by arthropod vectors, primarily ticks, fleas and mites to accidental hosts. These emerging and re-emerging infections are widely distributed throughout the world. Land-use change and increasing human–wildlife conflict compound the risk of SFGR infection to local people in endemic areas and travelers to these regions. In this article, we discuss the rickettsial organisms causing spotted fever and related diseases, their arthropod vectors in Asia and the impact of land-use change on their spread.

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“…Rickettsia felis is a bacterial pathogen and the etiological agent of flea-borne spotted fever (FBSF) or cat flea typhus, cases of which have been described in many parts of the world including Europe [ 1 ], the Americas [ 2 ], Asia [ 3 ] and Oceania [ 4 ]. Human infection results from transmission through an infected arthropod vector, typically fleas infecting a bite site with rickettsiae; the resulting infection is typically characterized by a series of non-specific symptoms including pyrexia, maculopapular rash, eschar, myalgia, arthralgia, headache and fatigue [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological evidence of exposure to Rickettsia felis and Rickettsia typhi in Australian veterinarians

et al. 2017

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Background Rickettsia felis and Rickettsia typhi are emerging arthropod-borne zoonoses causing fever and flu-like symptoms. Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with exposure to these organisms was explored in Australian veterinarians.MethodsOne hundred and thirty-one veterinarians from across Australia were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional survey. Veterinarians provided a single blood sample and answered a questionnaire on potential risk factors influencing their exposure to R. felis and R. typhi. Indirect microimmunofluorescence antibody testing (IFAT) was used to identify evidence of serological exposure of the participants to R. felis and R. typhi. Results were analyzed and a logistical regression model performed to predict risk factors associated with seropositivity.ResultsIn total, 16.0% of participants were seropositive to R. felis, 4.6% to R. typhi and 35.1% seropositive to both, where cross-reactivity of the IFAT between R. felis and R. typhi precluded a definitive diagnosis. Veterinarians residing within the south-eastern states of Victoria and Tasmania were at a higher risk of exposure to R. felis or generalised R. felis or R. typhi exposure. Older veterinarians and those that recommended flea treatment to their clients were found to be significantly protected from exposure.ConclusionsThe high exposure to R. felis amongst veterinary professionals suggests that flea-borne spotted fever is an important cause of undifferentiated fever conditions that may not be adequately recognized in Australia.

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Sennetsu Neorickettsiosis, Spotted Fever Group, and Typhus Group Rickettsioses in Three Provinces in Thailand

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

Seroprevalence of Dengue Virus and Rickettsial Infections in Cambodian Children

Seroprevalence of Dengue Virus and Rickettsial Infections in Cambodian Children

Distribution and Ecological Drivers of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia in Asia

Serological evidence of exposure to Rickettsia felis and Rickettsia typhi in Australian veterinarians

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