Sensitivity of cloud condensation nuclei to regional changes in dimethyl-sulphide emissions

Woodhouse, Matthew T.; Mann, G. W.; Carslaw, K. S.; Boucher, Oliviér

doi:10.5194/acp-13-2723-2013

Cited by 91 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Models suggest the climate may be sensitive to changes in the spatial distribution of DMS emissions over global scales (Woodhouse et al 2013). Such changes could be driven by both 565 physiological and adaptive responses to environmental change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimethylsulfide (DMS) production in polar oceans may be resilient to ocean acidification

Hopkins

Stephens

Moore

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Emissions of dimethylsulfide (DMS) from the polar oceans play a key role in10 atmospheric processes and climate. Therefore, it is important we increase our understanding of how DMS production in these regions may respond to environmental change. The polar oceans are particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification (OA). However, our understanding of the polar DMS response is limited to two studies conducted in Arctic waters, where in both cases DMS concentrations decreased with increasing acidity. Here, we report on our findings 15 from seven summertime shipboard microcosm experiments undertaken in a variety of locations in the Arctic Ocean and Southern Ocean. These experiments reveal no significant effects of short term OA on the net production of DMS by planktonic communities. This is in contrast to identical experiments from temperate NW European shelf waters where surface ocean communities responded to OA with significant increases in dissolved DMS 20 concentrations. A meta-analysis of the findings from both temperate and polar waters (n = 18 experiments) reveals clear regional differences in the DMS response to OA. We suggest that these regional differences in DMS response reflect the natural variability in carbonate chemistry to which the respective communities may already be adapted. Future temperate oceans could be more sensitive to OA resulting in a change in DMS emissions to the 25 atmosphere, whilst perhaps surprisingly DMS emissions from the polar oceans may remain

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimethylsulfide (DMS) production in polar oceans may be resilient to ocean acidification

Hopkins

Stephens

Moore

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Inversely, concentrations of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), the precursor to DMS, increased by up to 50 %. In the remote ocean, DMS was predicted by modeling studies to be one of the main precursors for CCN in the marine boundary layer, and studies have shown that regional DMS emission changes could affect CCN sensitivity (Cameron-Smith et al, 2011;Woodhouse et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary marine aerosol emissions from the Mediterranean Sea during pre-bloom and oligotrophic conditions: correlations to seawater chlorophyll <i>a</i> from a mesocosm study

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The effect of ocean acidification and changing water conditions on primary (and secondary) marine aerosol emissions is not well understood on a regional or a global scale. To investigate this effect as well as the indirect effect on aerosol that changing biogeochemical parameters can have, ∼ 52 m 3 pelagic mesocosms were deployed for several weeks in the Mediterranean Sea during both winter pre-bloom and summer oligotrophic conditions and were subjected to various levels of CO 2 to simulate the conditions foreseen in this region for the coming decades. After seawater sampling, primary bubble-bursting aerosol experiments were performed using a plunging water jet system to test both chemical and physical aerosol parameters (10-400 nm). Comparing results obtained during pre-bloom and oligotrophic conditions, we find the same four lognormal modal diameters (18.5± 0.6, 37.5± 1.4, 91.5± 2.0, 260± 3.2 nm) describing the aerosol size distribution during both campaigns, yet pre-bloom conditions significantly increased the number fraction of the second (Aitken) mode, with an amplitude correlated to virus-like particles, heterotrophic prokaryotes, TEPs (transparent exopolymeric particles), chlorophyll a and other pigments. Organic fractions determined from kappa closure calculations for the diameter, D p ∼ 50 nm, were much larger during the pre-bloom period (64 %) than during the oligotrophic period (38 %), and the organic fraction decreased as the particle size increased. Combining data from both campaigns together, strong positive correlations were found between the organic fraction of the aerosol and chlorophyll a concentrations, heterotrophic and autotrophic bacteria abundance, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations. As a consequence of the changes in the organic fraction and the size distributions between pre-bloom and oligotrophic periods, we find that the ratio of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) to condensation nuclei (CN) slightly decreased during the pre-bloom period. The enrichment of the seawater samples with microlayer samples did not have any effect on the size distribution, organic content or the CCN activity of the generated primary aerosol.Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. Partial pressure of CO 2 , pCO 2 , perturbations had little effect on the physical or chemical parameters of the aerosol emissions, with larger effects observed due to the differences between a pre-bloom and oligotrophic environment.

show abstract

“…Marine DMS emission represents the main natural source of sulfur to the atmosphere (Lana et al, 2011) and has potential implications for climate regulation, which in turn depends on its response to solar radiation (Vallina and Simó, 2007). Yet, the climatic effects of DMS and the underlying atmospheric processes remain highly controversial (Quinn and Bates, 2011;Woodhouse et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential response of planktonic primary, bacterial, and dimethylsulfide production rates to static vs. dynamic light exposure in upper mixed-layer summer sea waters

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Microbial plankton experience short-term fluctuations in total solar irradiance and in its spectral composition as they are vertically moved by turbulence in the oceanic upper mixed layer (UML). The fact that the light exposure is not static but dynamic may have important consequences for biogeochemical processes and ocean-atmosphere fluxes. However, most biogeochemical processes other than primary production, like bacterial production or dimethylsulfide (DMS) production, are seldom measured in sunlight and even less often in dynamic light fields. We conducted four experiments in oligotrophic summer stratified Mediterranean waters, where a sample from the UML was incubated in ultraviolet (UV)-transparent bottles at three fixed depths within the UML and on a vertically moving basket across the same depth range. We assessed the response of the phyto-and bacterioplankton community with physiological indicators based on flow cytometry singe-cell measurements, fast repetition rate fluorometry (FRRf), phytoplankton pigment concentrations and particulate light absorption. Dynamic light exposure caused a subtle disruption of the photoinhibition and photoacclimation processes associated with ultraviolet radiation (UVR), which slightly alleviated bacterial photoinhibition but did not favor primary production. Gross DMS production (GP DMS ) decreased sharply with depth in parallel to shortwave UVR, and displayed a dose-dependent response that mixing did not significantly disrupt. To our knowledge, we provide the first measurements of GP DMS under in situ UV-inclusive optical conditions.

show abstract

Sensitivity of cloud condensation nuclei to regional changes in dimethyl-sulphide emissions

Cited by 91 publications

References 56 publications

Dimethylsulfide (DMS) production in polar oceans may be resilient to ocean acidification

Dimethylsulfide (DMS) production in polar oceans may be resilient to ocean acidification

Primary marine aerosol emissions from the Mediterranean Sea during pre-bloom and oligotrophic conditions: correlations to seawater chlorophyll <i>a</i> from a mesocosm study

Differential response of planktonic primary, bacterial, and dimethylsulfide production rates to static vs. dynamic light exposure in upper mixed-layer summer sea waters

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Sensitivity of cloud condensation nuclei to regional changes in dimethyl-sulphide emissions

Cited by 91 publications

References 56 publications

Dimethylsulfide (DMS) production in polar oceans may be resilient to ocean acidification

Dimethylsulfide (DMS) production in polar oceans may be resilient to ocean acidification

Primary marine aerosol emissions from the Mediterranean Sea during pre-bloom and oligotrophic conditions: correlations to seawater chlorophyll &lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt; from a mesocosm study

Differential response of planktonic primary, bacterial, and dimethylsulfide production rates to static vs. dynamic light exposure in upper mixed-layer summer sea waters

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Primary marine aerosol emissions from the Mediterranean Sea during pre-bloom and oligotrophic conditions: correlations to seawater chlorophyll <i>a</i> from a mesocosm study