Sentinel surveillance systems with special focus on vector-borne diseases

Racloz, V.; Griot, Christian; Stärk, K. D. C.

doi:10.1017/s1466252307001120

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This is an important difference in order to increase the probability of detection of any first or repeated incursion of disease at the earliest time possible. The ability to create an early warning system through the combination of climate, environmental, host and vector based data through various processes such as mathematical modelling and Geographical Information System (GIS) mapping have been used in many ways to improve veterinary and public health surveillance systems [33]. The combination of different prediction, surveillance and control methods and the tools involved in each process present a great potential in the combat against a variety of disease as described in Eisen & Eisen 2011 [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of Dengue Fever Virus: A Review of Epidemiological Models and Early Warning Systems

et al. 2012

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Dengue fever affects over a 100 million people annually hence is one of the world's most important vector-borne diseases. The transmission area of this disease continues to expand due to many direct and indirect factors linked to urban sprawl, increased travel and global warming. Current preventative measures include mosquito control programs, yet due to the complex nature of the disease and the increased importation risk along with the lack of efficient prophylactic measures, successful disease control and elimination is not realistic in the foreseeable future. Epidemiological models attempt to predict future outbreaks using information on the risk factors of the disease. Through a systematic literature review, this paper aims at analyzing the different modeling methods and their outputs in terms of acting as an early warning system. We found that many previous studies have not sufficiently accounted for the spatio-temporal features of the disease in the modeling process. Yet with advances in technology, the ability to incorporate such information as well as the socio-environmental aspect allowed for its use as an early warning system, albeit limited geographically to a local scale.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of Dengue Fever Virus: A Review of Epidemiological Models and Early Warning Systems

et al. 2012

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“…Locations such as abattoirs, quarantine facilities, and live animal markets offer opportunities to monitor disease spread at sites where humans are in close contact with animals and hematophagous arthropods involved in disease transmission. Focusing surveillance efforts on animal populations within these environments offers an opportunity for the detection and subsequent mitigation of pathogens of concern to both veterinary and public health (McCluskey 2003, Racloz et al 2006). Although the use of animals as sentinels for human disease is a surveillance technique that is often underused, this methodology is a potentially important and effective tool to monitor emerging pathogens of public health significance (Chomel 2003, Rabinowitz et al 2005, Halliday et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serosurvey for Zoonotic Viral and Bacterial Pathogens Among Slaughtered Livestock in Egypt

Horton

Wasfy

Samaha

et al. 2014

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Introduction Zoonotic diseases are an important cause of human morbidity and mortality. Animal populations at locations with high risk of transmission of zoonotic pathogens offer an opportunity to study viral and bacterial pathogens of veterinary and public health concern. Methods Blood samples were collected from domestic and imported livestock slaughtered at the Muneeb abattoir in central Egypt in 2009. Samples were collected from cattle (n = 161), buffalo (n = 153), sheep (n = 174), and camels (n = 10). Samples were tested for antibodies against Leptospira spp. by a microscopy agglutination test, Coxiella burnetii by enzyme immunoassay, Brucella spp. by standard tube agglutination, and Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV), Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), sandfly fever Sicilian virus (SFSV), and sandfly fever Naples virus (SFNV) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Antibodies against Leptospira spp. were identified in 64 (40%) cattle, 45 (29%) buffalo, 71 (41%) sheep, and five (50%) camels; antibodies against C. burnetii in six (4%) buffalo, 14 (8%) sheep, and seven (70%) camels; and antibodies against Brucella spp. in 12 (8%) cattle, one (1%) buffalo, seven (4%) sheep, and one (10%) camel. Antibodies against RVFV were detected in two (1%) cattle and five (3%) buffalo, and antibodies against CCHFV in one (1%) cow. No antibodies against SFSV or SFNV were detected in any species. Discussion Results indicate that livestock have been exposed to a number of pathogens, although care must be taken with interpretation. It is not possible to determine whether antibodies against Leptospira spp. and RVFV in cattle and buffalo are due to prior vaccination or natural exposure. Similarly, antibodies identified in animals less than 6 months of age may be maternal antibodies transferred through colostrum rather than evidence of prior exposure. Results provide baseline evidence to indicate that surveillance within animal populations may be a useful tool to monitor the circulation of pathogens of veterinary and public health concern in Egypt.

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“…sentinel surveillance systems to detect seroconversion to defined pathogens (12). Surveillance information is intended for use in outbreak management, to inform disease control measures, to inform trade policy, and to prioritise further surveillance and control measures (11).…”

Section: Purpose Of Vector-borne Disease Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological surveillance methods for vector-borne diseases

Thompson¹,

Etter²

2015

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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SummaryCompared with many other diseases, the ever-increasing threat of vectorborne diseases (VBDs) represents a great challenge to public and animal health managers. Complex life cycles, changing distribution ranges, a variety of potential vectors and hosts, and the possible role of reservoirs make surveillance for VBDs a grave concern in a changing environment with increasing economic constraints. Surveillance activities may have various specific objectives and may focus on clinical disease, pathogens, vectors, hosts and/or reservoirs, but ultimately such activities should improve our ability to predict, prevent and/or control the diseases concerned. This paper briefly reviews existing and newly developed tools for the surveillance of VBDs. A range of examples, by no means exhaustive, illustrates that VBD surveillance usually involves a combination of methods to achieve its aims, and is best accomplished when these techniques are adapted to the specific environment and constraints of the region. More so than any other diseases, VBDs respect no administrative boundaries; in addition, animal, human and commodity movements are increasing dramatically, with illegal or unknown movements difficult to quantify. Vector-borne disease surveillance therefore becomes a serious issue for local and national organisations and is being conducted more and more at the regional and international level through multidisciplinary networks. With economic and logistical constraints, tools for optimising and evaluating the performance of surveillance systems are essential and examples of recent developments in this area are included. The continuous development of mapping, analytical and modelling tools provides us with an enhanced ability to interpret, visualise and communicate surveillance results. This review also demonstrates the importance of the link between surveillance and research, with interactions and benefits in both directions.

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Sentinel surveillance systems with special focus on vector-borne diseases

Cited by 32 publications

References 24 publications

Surveillance of Dengue Fever Virus: A Review of Epidemiological Models and Early Warning Systems

Surveillance of Dengue Fever Virus: A Review of Epidemiological Models and Early Warning Systems

Serosurvey for Zoonotic Viral and Bacterial Pathogens Among Slaughtered Livestock in Egypt

Epidemiological surveillance methods for vector-borne diseases

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