Sero prevalences to three diseases in village chickens in Benin

Chrysostome, C. A. A. M.; Bell, J.G.; Demey, F.; Verhulst, A.

doi:10.1016/0167-5877(94)00418-i

Cited by 37 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The finding is in close agreement with the earlier report of Chrysostome et al (1995) who reported 62% seroprevalence of MG infection in layer chickens. However, the overall prevalence was somewhat higher than those of inland reports by Sarkar et al …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FOR <i> MYCOPLASMA GALLISEPTICUM </i> ANTIBODIES IN NON-VACCINATED COMMERCIAL LAYER BIRDS IN KHULNA DISTRICT

Jalil¹,

Islam

2012

Bangl. J. Vet. Med.

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A cross-sectional study was carried out on 96 commercial layer farms of six upazilas of Khulna district to know the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection during the period from August 2009 to July 2010. A total of 1268 sera samples were collected from randomly selected layer birds of different age groups and tested by serum plate agglutination (SPA) test by using commercial MG antigen (Nobilis ® MG, Intervet International) to detect the presence of antibodies against MG. The overall prevalence of MG infection was recorded as 67.4%. Age-wise analysis revealed that there was significant relationship (p<0.001) between MG infection and age of birds. The highest prevalence of MG infection was 71.2% in 21-56 weeks age group followed by 66.8% in 8-20 weeks age group. There was significant (p<0.001) variation in the seroprevalence in terms of areas of study (upazilas). Significant (p<0.001) effect of seasons in the seroprevalence of MG infection in layer birds was observed in the present study. The prevalence of MG infection was the highest (75.6%) in winter season followed by summer (66.3%) and rainy (60.8%) seasons. The seroprevalence of MG infection was higher in most of the large flocks and lower in small flocks with some exceptions. It is evident from the present study that above 50% layer birds are infected with MG organism. Therefore, it may be suggested that the layer farms should be routinely checked to monitor MG infection and the reactor birds should be culled since MG organism has the potential to transmit vertically.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FOR <i> MYCOPLASMA GALLISEPTICUM </i> ANTIBODIES IN NON-VACCINATED COMMERCIAL LAYER BIRDS IN KHULNA DISTRICT

Jalil¹,

Islam

2012

Bangl. J. Vet. Med.

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“…The serological prevalence of S. gallinaru m infection in scavenging local chickens was similar to the level reported from Mauritania (Bell et al, 1990), Morocco (Bouzoubaa et al, 1992), Benin (Chrysostome et al, 1995) and Senegal (Arbelot et al, 1997), and it is evident that the infection rate in scavenging local chickens is normally low. Fowl typhoid is transmitted both vertically and horizontally (Wray et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Molecular epidemiology ofSalmonella gallinarumin chickens in Tanzania

et al. 2000

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A molecular epidemiological investigation of Salmonella gallinarum infection in scavenging local chickens and commercial layers in Tanzania was conducted between August 1997 and April 1998. A total of 1152 chickens were randomly selected from 10 villages and seven commercial farms. For serological and cultural prevalence studies, 1152 blood samples and 912 cloacal swabs were collected. In scavenging local chickens, the individual serological and cultural prevalences were 6.3 and 0%, while the prevalences were significantly higher in commercial layers at 18.4 and 2.6% (P < 0.001), respectively. The risk of infection in flocks of scavenging local chickens that had contact with commercial chickens was six times greater than the risk of infection in flocks of scavenging local chickens that had no contact with commercial chickens. Thirty-four S. gallinarum isolated from commercial chickens in this study, together with 29 Tanzanian historical isolates, were characterized using plasmid profiling and ribotyping. Fifty-one isolates contained both 85 and 2.5 kb plasmids, five isolates contained only one plasmid of 85 kb, and seven isolates had no plasmids. Ribotyping using HindIII restriction endonuclease demonstrated seven different ribotypes. Forty-seven isolates had similar results in both typing systems, suggesting they belonged to one clone. It is concluded that S. gallinarum infection in chickens in Tanzania is more prevalent in commercial layers than in scavenging local chickens. One strain of S. gallinarum from chickens first isolated in a Dar es Salaam hatchery was found to be common throughout the country.

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“…The ELISA PI values equal to or greater than 60 recorded in a high proportion of all seropositive chickens during both the wet season (82.6%) and the dry season (78.6%) in our study may suggest recent field exposure to virulent NDV strains (Chrysostome et al, 1995;Alexander et al, 2004;). Velogenic strains of the virus are known to produce higher antibody titres than lentogenic and mesogenic strains (Luc et al, 1992;Alexander et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Class II includes strains of low and high virulence isolated from poultry and wild birds. The disease is endemic in the village poultry population in Africa (Bell et al, 1990;Echeonwu et al, 1993;Awan et al, 1994;Chrysostome et al, 1995;Orjaka et al, 1999;Abolnik et al, 2004;Otim et al, 2004;Zeleke et al, 2005;Snoeck et al, 2009;Servan de Almeida et al, 2009, Cattoli et al, 2010, Rasamoelina Andriamanivo et al, 2012 and is regarded as the most important constraint to the development, survival and productivity of village chicken flocks (Alexander et al, 2004;Alder, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological and molecular investigation of Newcastle disease in household chicken flocks and associated markets in Eastern Shewa zone, Ethiopia

Chaka

Goutard

Gil

et al. 2012

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Cross-sectional surveys for Newcastle disease (ND) were conducted in non-vaccinated household flocks of village chickens to assess the serological and virological ND status in households and associated live bird markets. In total 1899 sera and 460 pools of cloacal and tracheal swabs were sampled and tested using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR), respectively. Additionally, paired cloacal and tracheal swabs from 1269 individual chickens were collected from markets and tested using RT-PCR. The prevalence of households with at least one seropositive chicken was higher during the dry season (27.4%) than during the wet season (17.4%) (P = 0.003). Viral genome was detected in 14.2% of households during the wet season using a fusion (F) gene assay and in 23.5 % of households during the dry season using a polymerase (L) gene assay that targets both class I and class II viruses. At the markets sampled overall bird level prevalence was 4.9% for period 1 (F gene assay), and 38.2% and 27.6% for periods 2 and 3, respectively (L gene assay). Partial sequencing of the F gene (239 bp) cleavage site indicated that the majority of the circulating strains exhibited motifs specific to virulent strains. Seroepidemiology coupled with molecular analysis can be a useful tool to assess the status of NDV infection. The village chicken population in Ethiopia is endemically infected with virulent NDV that pose a significant threat to emerging small and medium scale commercial poultry production.

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Sero prevalences to three diseases in village chickens in Benin

Cited by 37 publications

References 6 publications

A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FOR <i> MYCOPLASMA GALLISEPTICUM </i> ANTIBODIES IN NON-VACCINATED COMMERCIAL LAYER BIRDS IN KHULNA DISTRICT

A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FOR <i> MYCOPLASMA GALLISEPTICUM </i> ANTIBODIES IN NON-VACCINATED COMMERCIAL LAYER BIRDS IN KHULNA DISTRICT

Molecular epidemiology ofSalmonella gallinarumin chickens in Tanzania

Serological and molecular investigation of Newcastle disease in household chicken flocks and associated markets in Eastern Shewa zone, Ethiopia

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