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As part of a series of studies to characterize innate and speci¢c immune responses of indigenous chicken lines, birds from Bolivia and India were screened serologically for MHC class IV (BG) polymorphism by direct haemagglutination using haplotype-speci¢c antisera (B2, B4, B12, B13, B14, B15, B19, B21). The sample consisted of 95 Bolivian indigenous chickens and 119 hens from the four most common North Indian`back-yard' chicken lines: Yellow Aseel (AP), Kadaknath (KN), frizzled typed (Ff^) and naked neck (NN). Of all chickens tested, the majority were haplotyped as B2, B15, B19 and B21. Of the Bolivian chickens, 89.5% could be haplotyped: 54.9% were homozygous (including 43.3% B15), and 34.6% were heterozygous (including 15.7% B15). B2-like haplotypes were not found among the Bolivian hens, and only 3.2% of these birds showed homozygous B21-like proteins. Of the Indian hens, MHC (BG)-like proteins could be detected in 60.0% of the AP birds, 6.7% of the KN birds; 40.0% of the Ff^birds; and 10.3% of the NN birds. In these lines, a total of 40.1% (AP), 6.7% (KN), 30.1% (Ff^) and 10.3% (NN) were homozygous for the B-haplotype. Only in the AP line (19.9%), and the Ff^line (9.9%) were heterozygous B-haplotypes types found. The B2 haplotype was found in all Indian chicken lines. Most Indian birds have completely unknown haplotypes, indicating a potentially interesting genetic pool. Subgrouping the Bolivian and Indian indigenous hens into monomorphic BG populations revealed individual di¡erences based on the B-types.