Serological survey of antibodies against BVD virus in camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Iran

Raoofi, Afshin; Hemmatzadeh, Farhid; Ghanaei, Amir Mansoor

doi:10.1007/s11250-009-9435-3

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In a recent study in Saudi Arabia, BVDV antibodies have been detected in 18% of camels (Al-Afaleq et al 2007). In Iran, BVDV seroprevalence in camels was found to be 19.7% (Afshin Raoofi et al 2009). The BVDV seroprevalence rate is higher in Sudan (84%) than in Egypt (52%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first report on the prevalence of pestivirus infection in camels in Sudan

Intisar¹,

Ali²,

Khalafalla

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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The role of pestivirus particularly bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in causing respiratory infections in camels was studied in four different localities in Sudan. The evaluation was carried out using ELISA, and positive specimens were further tested using direct fluorescent antibody technique (FAT) and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for confirmation. The overall detected seroprevalence of BVD in camel sera was 84.6% with the highest prevalence in Western Sudan (92.5%) and with most of positives showing 2+ and 3+ titer. Out of 186 lung specimens examined for BVDV antigen, 13 were found positive (7%) with the highest prevalence in Central Sudan. All ELISA-positive specimens were positive using FAT and RT-PCR. To our knowledge, this is the first report for the detection of BVDV antigen and antibodies in camels in Sudan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first report on the prevalence of pestivirus infection in camels in Sudan

Intisar¹,

Ali²,

Khalafalla

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…Three different pestiviruses have been described, namely, bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), Border disease virus (BDV) and Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV) [36]. BVDV and BDV are widespread throughout the world and sero-epidemiological surveys of both these viruses in Iran showed widespread infection in cattle, sheep and goat populations [37, 38]. Possible transmission of pestiviruses between domestic animals and wild ruminants is considered a risk where they share pastures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Serological Survey of Selected Viruses in Free-Ranging Wild Ruminants in Iran

et al. 2016

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A molecular and serological survey of selected viruses in free-ranging wild ruminants was conducted in 13 different districts in Iran. Samples were collected from 64 small wild ruminants belonging to four different species including 25 Mouflon (Ovis orientalis), 22 wild goat (Capra aegagrus), nine Indian gazelle (Gazella bennettii) and eight Goitered gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) during the national survey for wildlife diseases in Iran. Serum samples were evaluated using serologic antibody tests for Peste de petits ruminants virus (PPRV), Pestiviruses [Border Disease virus (BVD) and Bovine Viral Diarrhoea virus (BVDV)], Bluetongue virus (BTV), Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1), and Parainfluenza type 3 (PI3). Sera were also ELISA tested for Pestivirus antigen. Tissue samples including spleen, liver, lung, tonsils, mesenteric and mediastinal lymph nodes and white blood cells (WBCs) were tested using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for PPRV, Foot and Mouth Disease virus (FMDV), Pestivirus, BTV, Ovine herpesvirus type 2 (OvHV-2) and BHV-1. Serologic tests were positive for antibodies against PPRV (17%), Pestiviruses (2%) and BTV (2%). No antibodies were detected for BHV-1 or PI3, and no Pestivirus antigen was detected. PCR results were positive for PPRV (7.8%), FMDV (11%), BTV (3%), OvHV-2 (31%) and BHV-1 (1.5%). None of the samples were positive for Pestiviruses.

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“…These findings disagreed with the results of Raoofi et al . [ 34 ] who found that the frequency-positive cases were not significantly different between male and female.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, there is a highly significant correlation between the effect of age and incidence of BVDV antibodies, BVDV Ag, and RVFV IgG antibodies in the examined camel serum samples. This might indicate that older animals have a higher exposure to infection and contact could have occurred some years ago [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological surveillance of bovine viral diarrhea and rift valley fever infections in camel

Bahgy

Abdelmegeed²,

Marawan

2018

Vet World

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Aim:This study was designed to investigate the current epidemiological situation of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and rift valley fever virus (RVFV) infection of camels originating from Sudan “smuggler” and Egypt as part of our future plan for a national surveillance program in Egyptian provinces, which will aid in establishment of control strategy for animal diseases.Materials and Methods:This investigation was accomplished using serological diagnostic and molecular biology techniques. A total number of 200 blood samples were collected from camel (120 originated from Sudan “smuggler” and 80 from local breed) and were subjected for testing both BVDV and RVFV occurrence with different age and sex.Results:Sixty-six of the 200 camels (33%) were positive for BVDV antibodies, and 44 (22%) for BVDV antigen (Ag), and 27 of the 200 camels (13.5%) were positive for RVFV immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. On the other hand, the seroprevalence of BVDV for antibodies (47.5%), Ag (31.6%), and RVFV IgG antibodies (16.6%) was higher in camel originated from Sudan “smuggler” than of local breed which was 11.2% for BVDV antibodies and 7.5% for BVDV Ag, while it was 8.7% for RVFV IgG antibodies. The incidence of BVDV antibodies, Ag, and RVFV IgG antibodies was the highest in male, up to 9 years of age. The frequency of positive cases was significantly different according to the origin of samples and sex and age of camel for BVDV and RVFV. In addition, seven serologically positive samples for BVDV and five serologically positive samples for RVFV were submitted as a buffy coat for molecular detection by one-step – reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results demonstrated that three samples were positive for BVDV of camel originated from Sudan (smuggler), while no RVFV Ag was detected in all five samples. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the amplicons obtained from positive RT-PCR samples (three samples) indicated 100% nucleotide homology with Sudan strain 2015 except only one (missense point mutation) by substitution of A to T at position 345 that changed the coded amino acids from T (Threonine) to S (Serine) at residue 115.Conclusion:Camels act as risk animals for the introduction of many infectious diseases from Sudan to Egypt, especially transboundary animal diseases, so strict quarantine measures should be taken during importation of live animals from Sudan to prevent the spread of such diseases.

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Serological survey of antibodies against BVD virus in camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Iran

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

The first report on the prevalence of pestivirus infection in camels in Sudan

The first report on the prevalence of pestivirus infection in camels in Sudan

Molecular and Serological Survey of Selected Viruses in Free-Ranging Wild Ruminants in Iran

Epidemiological surveillance of bovine viral diarrhea and rift valley fever infections in camel

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