Seroprevalence and risk factors of avian reovirus in backyard chickens in different areas of Mymensingh district in Bangladesh

Abstract

Objective: The present study estimated the seroprevalence of avian reovirus (ARV) infections in backyard chickens of the Mymensingh district in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: Considering several risk factors, a total of 460 serum samples were collected from backyard chickens from eight Upazilas of the Mymensingh district in Bangladesh. Blood samples were taken from the wing vein using 3-ml sterile syringes and kept at room temperature for clotting in a slanting position and then transported to the laboratory maintaining the cool chain. Subsequently, the prepared sera were harvested and stored at −20°C until used. Finally, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect ARVspecific antibodies using a commercial ARV antibody detection ELISA test kit. Results: The results revealed high prevalence rates of ARV antibodies, with a total seroprevalence of 69.78% (321/460). Area-wise, 74.55% (82/110) seroprevalence was recorded as the highest in Mymensingh Sadar, whereas 64% (32/50) was the lowest in Gauripur Upazila. With regard to sex, female chickens showed a significantly higher ( p < 0.05) seroprevalence as 90.33% (271/300) compared to male chickens 31.25% (50/160). With regard to age groups, the seroprevalence of ARV infection was 59.33% (89/150) within 2–8 weeks, 82% (205/250) within 9–16 weeks, and 45% (27/60) within 17–20 weeks, respectively. Based on hygienic conditions, the highest seroprevalence of ARV was noted in backyard chickens housed in poor conditions 80% (120/150) than good conditions 50% (40/80). Backyard chickens reared in free-ranging conditions exhibited a significantly higher seroprevalence 73.33% (220/300) of ARV antibodies compared to rearing in separate houses 63.12% (101/160). The seroprevalence of ARV was higher in crossbreeds 71.67% (43/60), brought from market 76% (38/50), and unhealthy 78.57% (55/70) backyard chickens than non-descriptive indigenous 69.5% (278/400), home-reared 69.02% (283/410), and healthy chickens 68.21% (266/390). Conclusion: The high prevalence of ARV antibodies revealed in the current study indicates an extensive exposure of ARV to backyard chickens in Bangladesh that may be transmitted naturally to other chickens, ultimately leading to ominous economic effects on the poultry sector.

Isolation and Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. from Healthy and Diseased Turkeys

“…Furthermore, poultry contributed 37% of the overall meat production in Bangladesh [5]. In rural areas, rearing poultry is a common additional source of income [6]. The challenges of turkey farming include potential outbreaks of infectious and non-infectious diseases, which have been shown to impact more than a third of turkey farmers in Bangladesh [7].…”

A Systematic Review on the Occurrence of Antimicrobial‐Resistant Escherichia coli in Poultry and Poultry Environments in Bangladesh between 2010 and 2021

“…The poultry industry in Bangladesh has grown into a prosperous agricultural industry [ 2 ]. Poultry farming in rural and urban regions is rapidly expanding to provide regular protein needs and financial support to a large population [ 3 ]. According to reports, this industry provides 22%-27% of the country's total meat supply [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Zoonotic Significance and Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella in Poultry in Bangladesh for the Period of 2011–2021

“…Reports from the Department of Livestock Services (DLS) denote that the poultry population in Bangladesh is more than 350 million, contributing to the advancement of the national economy and employment generation [2]. In addition, the poultry sector provides cheaper and easily reachable sources of nutrition and protein in terms of egg and meat to all classes of people [3]. The poultry sector contributes almost 40% of the total meat supply and more than 25% of Bangladesh's total human protein demands [4,5].…”