Seroprevalence of Brucella infection in yaks (Bos grunniens) on the Qinghai–Tibet plateau of China

Lang, Xulong; Hailong, Qu; ZhaoYang, Bu; Yang, Yanling; Chunhui, Sun; Li, Xiaoyan; Wang, Jinglong; Cai, Jian; Ma, Ruixue; Yijuan, Fu; Wang, Xinglong

doi:10.1007/s11250-010-9726-8

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Botswana, Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe). In Asia, the seroprevalence of Brucella infection among wild yaks was estimated at 9% (Xulong et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The global epidemiology of Brucella infections in terrestrial wildlife: A meta‐analysis

Dadar

Shahali

Fakhri

et al. 2020

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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Brucellosis is a widespread zoonotic disease with serious consequences on human and animal health. Brucella infections were reported in many terrestrial wild animals, from subtropical and temperate regions to arctic regions. In many areas, the epidemiology of brucellosis in wildlife is closely associated with the occurrence of the disease in livestock. Some wild species may contribute to the re-introduction of Brucella infections in livestock (spillback), even in officially brucellosis-free (OBF) regions. Through meta-regression analysis, this study draws a global picture of the prevalence of Brucella spp. in terrestrial wild animals, trying to determine most affected subgroups as well as preferential sampling and screening methods. For this purpose, a literature search was carried out among publications published from 1983 to 2019. Different subgroups were compared according to animal species, feeding, gender, age as well as the method used for sampling and for brucellosis diagnostic.To determine heterogeneity of studies, chi-squared test was used and a randomeffects model (REM) estimated the pooled prevalence among subgroups. A total of 68 publications, comprising 229 data reports/studies, were selected. The most-reported Brucella species in wildlife was Brucella abortus, and the highest prevalence rate was found in American bison, Bison bison (39.9%) followed by Alpine ibex, Capra ibex (33%). Serology was the most widely applied diagnostic approach (66%), while PCR appeared to be highly sensitive (36.62% of positive results). The gender of animals showed no significant association with the prevalence of brucellosis (p > .05).Blood samples and visceral organs constituted the great majority of specimen used for the detection of Brucella spp., while lymph nodes showed a high prevalence of positive samples (94.6%). The present study provides insight into the global epidemiology and enzootic potential of brucellosis in wild terrestrial animals worldwide, aiming at helping the appropriate authorities to strengthen prevention, surveillance and control strategies.

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“…Botswana, Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe). In Asia, the seroprevalence of Brucella infection among wild yaks was estimated at 9% (Xulong et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The global epidemiology of Brucella infections in terrestrial wildlife: A meta‐analysis

Dadar

Shahali

Fakhri

et al. 2020

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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“…A total of 566 whole blood samples were collected randomly by local veterinary practitioners from yaks (330) and Tibetan sheep (236) in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area, which is located in the northwestern part of China: Yushu, Qumalai, Zhiduo, Maqin, Dari, and Banma [23][24][25][26]. The six sampling sites were conveniently chosen from Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (YS) and Golog Tibetan Autonomous prefecture (GL) in Qinghai province (32° 38′ 20″-35° 39′ 18″ N and 95° 49′ 57″-102° 41′ 27″ E) in June 2020 (Fig.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Common Occurrence of Theileria ovis in Tibetan Sheep and the First Report of Theileria sinensis in Yaks from Southern Qinghai, China

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Acta Parasit.

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Purpose The tick-borne protozoa piroplasms, including Theileria and Babesia, are the cause of substantial economic losses to the livestock industry. However, in southern Qinghai province, China, there are limited information on the molecular characteristics of piroplasms. This study therefore aimed at determining the prevalence and genetic diversity of piroplasms. Methods In order to detect piroplasms, we examined 330 yaks and 236 Tibetan sheep blood samples by nested PCR. The differences in piroplasms prevalence in relation to different risk factors was analyzed using SPSS 26. Phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rRNA sequences was inferred using MEGA 7. Results During this study, Theileria spp. were detected in 33.6% (111/330) of yaks and 94.1% (222/236) of Tibetan sheep, but no Babesia was identified. Importantly, a comparison study revealed that T. ovis infection was highly prevalent in sheep (94.1%) but infrequent in yaks (6.1%), while T. sinensis was host-specific to yaks with an infection rate of 27.6%. In addition, male animals were more likely to be infected by T. sinensis and female animals were more likely to be infected by T. ovis. And animals below 4000 m areas reported a higher infection rate with T. sinensis (26.1% vs. 2.9%, p < 0.001). Alongside these differences in prevalence, we found a significantly higher T. sinensis infection rate in separated-grazing livestock (22.2% vs. 3.7%, p < 0.001), while mixed-grazing ruminants had a higher T. ovis infection rate (50.0% vs. 39.0%, p = 0.014). Furthermore, sequence analysis revealed that the 18S rRNA sequences obtained in this study shared 86.9-100.0% identities with each other and they were clustered into T. sinensis or T. ovis. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first report of T. sinensis in Qinghai region. In addition, high prevalence of the generally sub-clinical T. ovis in sheep indicates extensive exposure to ticks and transmission of tick-borne pathogens with a significant economic impact. This study provides insights into the distribution and genetic diversity of Theileria in China.

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“…The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) is the largest and highest plateau on Earth, with an area of 2.5 × 10 6 km 2 and an average elevation of 4,000 m above sea level [ 10 ]. The QTP is an extensive pastoral and semi-pastoral area, and owing to poverty and bad hygiene, Brucella is highly endemic to this region among yaks ( Bos grunniens ) [ 11 , 12 ] and humans [ 13 ]. It should be mentioned that, probably due to technical difficulties, most previous studies on Brucella in the QTP merely examined infection surveillance, without paying adequate attention to the study of taxonomic identification of Brucella species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MLVA and MLST typing of Brucella from Qinghai, China

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Infect Dis Poverty

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BackgroundThe Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) of China is an extensive pastoral and semi-pastoral area, and because of poverty and bad hygiene conditions, Brucella is highly prevalent in this region. In order to adequately prevent this disease in the QTP region it is important to determine the identity of Brucella species that caused the infection.MethodsA total of 65 Brucella isolates were obtained from human, livestock and wild animals in Qinghai, a Chinese province in east of the QTP. Two molecular typing methods, MLVA (multi-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis) and MLST (multi locus sequence typing) were used to identify the species and genotypes of these isolates.FindingsBoth MLVA and MLST typing methods classified the 65 isolates into three species, B. melitensis, B. abortus and B. suis, which included 60, 4 and 1 isolates respectively. The MLVA method uniquely detected 34 (Bm01 ~ Bm34), 3 (Ba01 ~ Ba03), and 1 (Bs01) MLVA-16 genotypes for B. melitensis, B. abortus and B. suis, respectively. However, none of these genotypes exactly matched any of the genotypes in the Brucella2012 MLVA database. The MLST method identified five known ST types: ST7 and ST8 (B. melitensis), ST2 and ST5 (B. abortus), and ST14 (B. suis). We also detected a strain with a mutant type (3-2-3-2-?-5-3-8-2) of ST8 (3-2-3-2-1-5-3-8-2). Extensive genotype-sharing events could be observed among isolates from different host species.ConclusionsThere were at least three Brucella (B. melitensis, B. abortus and B. suis) species in Qinghai, of which B. melitensis was the predominant species in the area examined. The Brucella population in Qinghai was very different from other regions of the world, possibly owing to the unique geographical characteristics such as extremely high altitude in QTP. There were extensive genotype-sharing events between isolates obtained from humans and other animals. Yaks, sheep and blue sheep were important zoonotic reservoirs of brucellosis causing species found in humans.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40249-016-0123-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Seroprevalence of Brucella infection in yaks (Bos grunniens) on the Qinghai–Tibet plateau of China

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

The global epidemiology of Brucella infections in terrestrial wildlife: A meta‐analysis

The global epidemiology of Brucella infections in terrestrial wildlife: A meta‐analysis

The Common Occurrence of Theileria ovis in Tibetan Sheep and the First Report of Theileria sinensis in Yaks from Southern Qinghai, China

MLVA and MLST typing of Brucella from Qinghai, China

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